Craven Ch 7 Values, Ethics, and Legal Issues

Physician- or nurse-caused death that deliberately hastens a person’s death and may be considered murder in many states

Written document (e.g., living will) that states in advance a patient’s desires about the types of healthcare he or she wishes to receive should the patient become unable to decide

Threat of touching a person without his or her consent

Providing the patient with a means to end life, but not the direct action that results in death

A person’s dispositions toward an object or situation; can be a mental or emotional mind-set and positive or negative

Degree of discretion and independence a practitioner has

Unlawful touching of a person’s body without his or her consent

Observable actions

Ideas that a person accepts as true

Doing or promoting good, the basis for all healthcare

Irreversible cessation of heart and lung functions or an irreversible loss of all functions of the entire brain

Mental or physical ability to make healthcare decisions

The body of law that deals with relationships between private individuals

Document that requires the signatures of the primary physician or nurse practitioner and the patient or legal surrogate and allows emergency medical personnel, if called, to provide care and support to patient and family without resuscitation

Practice of keeping patient information private

Violation of the law punishable by the state. Results in prison term, fine, or short jail sentence to punish offender.

A type of public law that deals with the public’s safety and welfare

Orders not to provide resuscitation in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest

Advance directive that allows a person to designate another to make decisions if the patient becomes incapacitated and cannot make independent decisions

Professional standards of behavior related to right and wrong

Premeditated killing (first-degree murder) - impulsive or unintentional killing (second-degree murder; manslaughter, rape, arson, treason, kidnapping, burglary, bribery, child abuse, drug trafficking, fraud, and terrorism.

Being faithful to one’s commitments and promises

• Assault and battery
• Defamation of character
• Fraud
• Invasion of privacy
• False imprisonment

• Negligence
• Malpractice

Principle of fairness basis of the obligation to treat all patients equally and fairly

Standards of human conduct established and enforced by the authority of an organized society through its government

Responsibility for one’s actions an obligation one is bound to perform

False communication by means of print that results in injury to a person’s reputation

Written evidence of a patient’s preferences regarding treatment options

Professional misconduct, causing harm or injury to a person from lack of experience, skill, knowledge, or judgment

• -A duty to the plaintiff
• -A failure to meet the standard of care, or a breach of duty, which may be an act of omission
• -Causation (i.e., that the breach of duty produced the injury in a natural and continuous sequence)
• -Damages, which require a physical, emotional, financial, or other injury to the patient

The set of beliefs about the standards of right and wrong that help a person determine the correct or permissible action in a given situation

The ability to surmount fear and act to protect patient’s rights and values

An offense punishable by imprisonment of less than 1 year or a fine of less than $1,000. Does not amount to a felony.

Failure to do something that a reasonably prudent person would do, or doing something that a reasonably prudent person would not do

Order not to provide resuscitation in the event of a cardiopulmonary arrest

Principle of avoidance of doing harm

Beliefs a person considers highly important and are learned through interactions with social systems

Patient confidentiality

Values held by a disciplinary group deemed as having generalizable standards of conduct to be upheld in all situations

Advance directive that allows a person to designate another to make decisions if the patient becomes incapacitated and cannot make decisions independently

“The thing speaks for itself ” invoked when it is impossible to prove who was at fault when a patient’s injury results from negligence

“Let the master answer”; doctrine in which a facility is held liable for an employee’s negligence

Act of reviving after apparent death or unconsciousness

False communication by spoken word that results in injury to a person’s reputation

Comprise the expected level of performance or practice as established by guidelines, authority, or custom

Person identified to act on a patient’s behalf when the patient is an infant, young child, mentally handicapped or incapacitated, or in a

Infrequently used method of pain management, not considered euthanasia, provided in response to a dying person’s persistent and unremitting pain and suffering; it provides analgesia that produces light sedation even though this is likely to hasten death somewhat secondary to resulting immobility

Wrong committed against a person or property; subject to action in a civil court to assess compensation for plaintiff

Personal standards for decision making

Enduring set of personal principles and rules

Principle of telling the truth, essential to the integrity of the patient-provider relationship

Unquestioned framework or predominant set of assumptions through which people view life

Hope, Phase I - Security

Will, Phase I - Survival, Wonder

Purpose, Phase I - Awe

Competence, Phase II - Belonging, Work

Loyalty, Phase II - Self-competence, Self-worth

Love, Phase III - Independence, Service/vocation

Care, Phase III - Creation, Being self

Wisdom, Phase IV - Harmony, Interdependence, Intimacy, Esthetics