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What symbol depicts Tera-
What symbol depicts Giga-
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What symbol depicts -Mega?
What symbol depicts -Kilo?
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What symbol depicts -Deci?
What symbol depicts -Centi?
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What symbol depicts mili-?
What symbol depicts micro-?
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What symbol depicts nano-?
What symbol depicts pico-?
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What is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes?
Chemistry
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What is anything that has mass and occupies space; everything you see around you?
Matter
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Define chemistry
The study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes
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Define Matter.
Anything that has mass and occupies space; everything you see around you.
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What are the two types of mixtures?
What are the two types of pure substance?
- Homogeneous and Heterogenous
- Compound and Element
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How does a mixture change into pure substances?
Separation by physical methods
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What are the 3 physical classification of matter?
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Describe the 3 physical classifications of matter.
- Solid: Particles held together, does not take the shape of the container
- Liquid: Particles not held rigidly, conform to the shape of the container
- Gas: Particles have freedom to move around, assume the volume and shape of the container
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Equation for Celcius to Kelvin
K=C+273.15
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Kelvin (SI unit) is represented by ___; no ____ sign. The ____ scale.
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Volume (derived unit): meter cubed (m3)
The unit liter (L) is more commonly used in the laboratory setting.
1L = 1 dm3 or 1000cm3.
1dm x 1dm x 1dm = 1 dm3 = 1 L1dm = 0.1m = 10cm 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm = 1000 cm3 = 1000 mL (1cm3 = 1mL) = 1 L
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What density and its formula?
- Ratio of mass to volume
- Formula:
d=m/v
- d = density (g/mL)
- m = mass (g)
- V = volume (mL or cm3)
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The density of a piece of copper wire is
8.96 g/cm3. Calculate the volume in cm3
of a piece of copper with a mass of 4.28 g.
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Scientific Notations: N x 10n
The N is a number between __ and __
n is a ___ or ___ integer
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Scientific Equations Add or Subtract
1) Write each quantity with the same ___
2)Combine N1 and N2
3)The exponent, n, . . . .
- exponent n
- remains the same
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(4.0 x 10^-5) x (7.0 x 10^3) =
- (4.0 x 7.0) x (10^-5+3) =
- 28 x 10^-2 =
- 2.8 x 10^-1
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8.5 x 10^4 ÷ 5.0 x 10^9 =
- (8.5 ÷ 5.0) x 10^4-9 =
- 1.7 x 10^-5
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Scientific Notation; Multiplication
1)_____ N1 and N2
2)_____exponents n1 and n2
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Scientific Notation; Division
1)_____ N1 and N2
2)_____ exponents n1 and n2
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What is how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value?
Accuracy
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What is how closely measurements of the same thing are to one another?
Precision
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Define Accuracy.
how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value
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Define Precision.
how closely measurements of the same thing are to one another
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Difference between exact numbers and inexact numbers
- Inexact number are obtained by any other method other than counting
- e.g. weighing, measuring by ruler, thermometer, etc.
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An inexact number must be reported so as to indicate its uncertainty
Significant figures are the meaningful digits in a reported number.
The last digit in a measured number is referred to as the ____ digit.
uncertain
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Read the level with the correct number of significant figures.
E)
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E)
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E)
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Leading zeros (place holder) are ____ significant .0023
Leading zeros (place holder) are not significant .0023
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Zeros to the right of the last non-zero digit are ______ significant if decimal is not present. 230
not
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Trailing zeros are ___ significant only if decimal is present 2.30
Trailing zeros are significant only if decimal is present 2.30
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Zeros to the left of the first non-zero digit are ____ significant 02304
Zeros to the left of the first non-zero digit are not significant 02304
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Captive zeros are ___ significant 2304
Captive zeros are always significant 2304
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Determine the number of significant figures in
each of the following.
345.5 cm
0.0058 g
1205m
250 mL
250.00 mL
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Adding and Subtracting
The answer cannot have more digits to the right of the decimal point than any of the original numbers.
Least number of digits to the right of decimal
102.50 ← two digits after the decimal point
+ 0.231 ← three digits after the decimal point
102.731 ← round to 102.73
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105.5 L + 10.65 L =
- Calculator answer: 116.15 L
- Round to: 116.2 L Answer to the tenth position
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1.0267 cm x 2.508 cm x 12.599 cm =
- Calculator answer: 32.4419664 cm3
- Round to: 32.44 cm3 round to the smallest number of significant figures
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Q: How many significant figures should you report as the sum of
8.3801 + 2.57?
A) 3, B) 5, C) 4, D) 6, E) 2
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How many mL are in 1.63 L?
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What is the wavelength, in meters, of orange light of wavelength 615 nm?
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Area of an object is = 48.5cm2
Express it in inch2 ?
Given 1inch = 2.54cm
Ans: 7.52 inch2
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How many millimeters are present in 20.0 inches?
Ans: 508mm
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2. The volume of a wooden block is 6.30 in3. This is equivalent to how many cubic centimeters?
Ans: 103 cm3
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Density of Aluminum=2.70 g/cm3
What is its density in kg/m3 ?
- 2.70g x 1kg/1000g = 2.70 x 10-3 kg
- 1cm3 = 10-6 m3 (1 m/100cm)
- Density = 2.70 x 103 kg/m3
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Atoms have a nucleus which contains ____ and _____.
Atoms have a nucleus which contains protons and neutrons
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The nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of electrons containing ____ charge.
The nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of electrons containing negative charge.
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Protons – ____charge ____ in magnitude to the electron’s negative charge.
Protons – positive charge equal in magnitude to the electron’s negative charge.
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- Atomic number (Z) = number of protons in nucleus = number of electrons since atoms are neutral
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___ are atoms of the same element (X) with different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei
Same atomic number but different mass number
Isotopes
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- 197 is the mass number and refers to the total number of protons and neutrons.
- 79 is the atomic number and refers to the number of protons. Hence this atom has 79 electrons and 197-79 = 118 neutrons
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The chlorine has two stable isotopes: 35Cl, with a mass of 34.97 amu and 75.77% abundance; and 37Cl, with a mass of 36.95 amu and 24.23%
abundance.
What is the atomic weight of chlorine?
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_____ formula - shows exact number of atoms of each element in a molecule
Subscripts indicate number of atoms of each element present in the formula.
Example: H2O, C12H22O11
Molecular
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Prefix meanings
Mono-
Di-
Hexa-
Hepta-
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Prefix meanings
Tri-
Tetra-
Octa-
Nona-
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Prefix meanings
Penta-
Deca-
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Write formulas for the following:
Diphosphorus pentoxide
Sulfur hexafluoride
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Write formulas for the following:
NO2
N2O4
- nitrogen dioxide
- dinitrogen tetraoxide
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An ___ is formed when an atom, or group of atoms, has a net positive or negative charge
If a neutral atom looses one or more electrons, it carries a positive charge and is known as a ____
If a neutral atom gains one or more electrons, it carries a negative charge and is known as a ___
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- 13 protons 10 electron
- 16 protons 18 electrons
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Monatomic Ions
Either 2+ or 3+
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Monatomic Ions
Charges for
Cu
Hg or Hg2
Pb
SN
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