DCASE Mod 7

• NSTM 074 V3
• aka GFE Manual

• Developed by the DCA and signed by the CO
• Sample contained in 074V3 App C
• Details shipboard policies for NORMAL GAS FREE EVOLUTIONS

• Gas Free Instruction
• Active Gas Free Chits
• Inactive Gas Free Chits (1 yr)
• Gas Free Engineering Procedural Working Guide
• IDLH Space Emergency Entry Checklist
• Closed Compartment Opening Request Form

• Required by SORM
• Developed by the DCA and signed by the CO (as part of the RPM)

• UPON REPORTING + ANNUALLY
• -Recognizing hazards
• -Identifying confined spaces and precautions regarding confined space entry
• -Requesting Gas Free Services
• -Helping shipmates in an emergency

Toxic Gas Bill

• To ensure a safe working and living environment for the crew
• To provide an all hands hazard awareness training program

• 1 per Ship
• E-7 or above (USN) 
• CO’s Designation Letter
• Valid CPR Quals
• Formal School
• 40 Hours Practical Work
• Emergency Rescue Training

• 1 per Ship (CO optional)
• E-6 or Above
• CO’s Designation Letter
• Valid CPR Quals
• Formal School
• 40 Hours Practical Work
• Emergency Rescue Training

• C.O. May Waive Requirement for 40 Hours of Practical Training in Writing if:
• Candidate Has Graduated from Approved Training Within Past 36 Months
• Unit Does Not Have Qualified GFE Onboard

• 1 per IET, DCRS and ASFP (minimum)
• E-4 or above
• CO’s Designation Letter
• Valid CPR Quals
• Formal School
• PQS NAVEDTRA 43704 (316)
• Emergency Rescue Training

• Required by the CO once a year
• Conducted by Safety Officer
• Gas Free Engineering Program Checklist shall be used
• Evaluates:
• -GFE Personnel recertification
• -Crew Training
• -Equipment
• -Qualifications and Letters of Designation
• -Administration
• Safety Officer and GFE will maintain copies

• 1.Annual Verification of CPR
• 2.Refresher Emergency Rescue Training
• 3.Engaged in GFE During the Year
• Issued 10 Certificates
• If Above Has Not Been Satisfied, Complete 5 Gas Free Evolutions Under Supervision of a Certified GFE
• If Above Is Not Possible, Complete an Oral/Written Exam & a Practical Exercise

• 1.Graduated Formal School Within 36 months of reporting.
• 2.Unit does not have a qualified GFE aboard.
• 3.Service member is a USCG Engineering Petty Officer.

The maximum permissible concentration of a toxic agent to which personnel may be exposed.

• Oxygen content < 19.5 or > 22%
• Flammable vapors at a concentration of ≥ 10% of the LEL
• Presence of toxicants above NIOSH IDLH limits

• Supplied Air Respirator in pressure demand mode (SCBA) or Supplied Air Respirator (SAR)w/
• 15 minute backup Air (SCBA)

• Respiratory Protection Mandatory
• (Filter Type Respirator or Supplied Air Respirator as Appropriate)

• IDLH
• Require CO Permission to enter

• #1 KILLER OF SAILORS
• COLORLESS, ODORLESS, TASTELESS
• LIGHTER THAN AIR
• SUBTLE ASPHYXIANT
• FLAMMABLE
• Where is it found?
• P-100s, Post-Fire Atmosphere, Welding, Diesel Generators, Paint Drying

• #2 Killer of Sailors
• COLORLESS GAS WITH
• ROTTEN EGG SMELL*
• HEAVIER THAN AIR
• FLAMMABLE
• Attacks Nerves: Apnea, Coma
• Where is it found?
• FIREMAIN
• AFFF SYSTEM
• ROTTING FOOD
• GARBAGE GRINDER
• SEWAGE SPACES

• Colorless, Odorless, Tasteless
• HEAVIER THAN AIR
• Blunt Asphyxiant
• NON-FLAMMABLE    
• Where is it found? Portable CO2/CO2 Flooding Systems

• DARK BROWN, PUNGENT GAS
• HEAVIER THAN AIR
• NON FLAMMABLE
• CHOKING AGENT
• Where is it found? Hot Work, Fires, Combustion Engines, Burning Polyester/Nylon

• Colorless, odorless, and lighter than air.
• It is a product of aerobic decay of organic materials such as those found in CHT systems.
• Flammable

• Flammable, explosive, lighter than air
• Can be created by rust
• Where is it found? Battery charging spaces

• Colorless/Odorless
• Heavier than air
• Non-flammable
• Frostbite
• Attacks CNS, asphyxiates
• heat creates phosgene gas

• Pungent Odor
• Lighter than air
• Flammable
• Choking Agent
• Where is it found? Cleaning products, urinals

• Colorless/Odorless
• 5x heavier than air
• non-flammable
• frostbite danger + attacks CNS

CO2, H2S, HALON, Refrigerants

CO, Hydrogen, Methane

• Assign personnel (fire watches, compartment testing, etc.)
• Determine ventilation requirements
• Conduct safety brief
• tag out space, set up safety equipment
• secure area, conduct ORM

• 1. Drop Test (if IDLH, need CO permission to enter)
• 2. Ventilate at least 2 complete air changes (regardless of IDLH)
• 3. 2nd drop test, reventilate + retest if required
• 4. Enter for visual inspection and in-space atmospheric test
• 5. Exit, fill out, post certificates

• used for large spaces
• test top, middle, bottom + all pockets

• Gas Free Files
• OOD/Quarterdeck
• All accesses + main entrance to space
• Division requesting services
• DC Central

• Fire Watch remains for 30 mins or until area is cool to touch (whichever longer)
• Conduct final inspection w/ requesting activity
• Inventory
• Secure Access to space
• Restow Gear
• Remove all gas free certs

Retain for 1 year

• –Ship’s Gas Free Instruction
• –Active Gas Free Chits
• –Inactive Gas Free Chits
• Chits retained for 1 year

8 hours

• Gas freeing IDLH space
• Gas freeing for civilian contractors
• Gas freeing for foreigner overseas
• Hot Work adjacent to Magazines (never above or within 5 feet)

• All accesses to the space
• GFE Files (original)
• Division requesting services
• DC Central
• Officer of the Deck (Inport or Underway

• 19.5% < O2 < 22 .0%
• Toxins less than PEL
• All Flammables removed (LEL = 0)
• All boundary spaces protected

Occurs in Confined Spaces when oxygen is displaced or consumed (less than 19.5%)

• Air Purifying
• Supplied Air

• Continuous positive pressure within face piece
• Prevents leakage into face piece
• SCBA (Scott Air Pack)
• SAR with SCBA

NAVOSH Manual (5100.19E)

Minimum 2 complete air changes

• GENERAL
• LOCAL EXHAUST
• DILUTION

• Captures contaminants as they are generated
• Draws them through exhaust ductwork intake positioned 6-10 inches from work generating contaminants
• Effective for welding and solvent cleaning
• Exhaust only
• 100 Linear FPM

Maximum of three 15 ft ducts per fan

• No flammables present or being generated
• No toxics present or being generated
• Only to provide clean air for breathing and comfort

• 1 air change
• every 3 mins

• –Source of Make-Up air is too close to exhaust inlet ducting
• –Place trunk further into space

• Any operation occurring in the presence of flammables which requires the use or the presence of an ignition source.
• Spark-Producing Tools
• Arc-Producing Equipment
• Grinders > 3” diameter
• Open Flames or Embers

• High Energy (Scattered Sparks)
• Minimal Energy (Localized Sparks)

• 30 mins
• or until material is cool to touch
• (whichever is longer)

NO HOT WORK IS ALLOWED IN SPACES ABOVE , OR WITHIN 5 FT OF A LOADED MAGAZINE

Class I : High Energy Sparks

35 ft

4"

Smoking lamp out, 200’ exclusion zone, PPE, safety observer, non-spark producing tools, continuous ventilation, SAR, etc.

Dry Nitrogen

• In-Port: all waste drains to tank, then pier riser
• Transit: use within 3 nm of coastline. Blackwater goes to tank, greywater below waterline goes to tank
• At Sea: black + grey water overboard

• Oxygen between 19.5% And 22%
• Toxics below PEL
• All flammables removed
• Boundary Spaces Protected

• Local Exhaust Ventilation (i.e. welding/painting/solvents)
• Dilution Ventilation (reduce toxins)
• General Ventilation (provide comfort air in a hazard-free atmosphere)

• QA only
• (at CO's discretion)

• 1.C A B’s
• (Circulation/Airway/Breathing)
• 2.Control Bleeding
• 3.Treat for Shock
• 4.Treat Broken Bones
• 5.Get Casualty to Medical

• 1. Report Casualty
• 2. Survey area for danger
• 3. Check for response
• 4. Check circulation
• 5. Check the airway
• 6. Check for breathing
• 7. Stop bleeding
• 8. Treat for shock
• 9. Treat broken bones

IAW ship’s Authorized Minimal Medical Allowance List

• Stokes Stretcher
• Miller Board (Backboard)
• Army Litter
• Reeve Sleeve 2

• Pros: Good for helo transfer
• Cons: Poor Spinal support, bad in narrow p-ways

• Pros: Immobilizes spine, lightweight
• Cons: Awkward to hold, slippery&narrow

Cannot strap down

• Provide Alternate Sites for corpsman to Assess/Treat During Emergencies
• 4 Stretcher Bearers & Phone Talker

• Semi-Annually
• (IAW CNSL/SP INST 6000)

• Assist Medical in Training and Drilling
• Monitor Personal Qual (PQS) Progress
• Maintain Communications Between BDS and DCRS
• Provide Safe Route

• Assign Stretcher Bearers
• (NOT from Primary Fire Attack Team)
• Send S/Bs as Required
• Maintain Comms
• Track Injuries

Senior Medical Rep/IDC

• 1 per Ship
• E-7 or Above
• CO’s Designation Letter
• Annual CPR Verification
• Formal School
• 40 Hours Practical Work U/I (waiverable)

• 1 per Ship
• E-6 or Above
• CO’s Designation Letter
• Annual CPR Verification
• Formal School

• 1 per IET (minimum)
• E-4 or above
• CO’s Designation Letter
• Annual CPR Verification
• Formal School
• PQS (NAVEDTRA 43704, 316)

Minimum temperature at which self sustained combustion occurs without an external ignition source

Temperature at which sufficient vapors are released to support continuous combustion once ignited.

Minimum temperature at which sufficient vapors are released to form an ignitable mixture.

• Remove Ammunition Prior to Availability or Overhaul
• No Hot Work in Any Space Containing Ammunition
• CO Must Approve in Writing any Hot Work in Adjacent Spaces
• Apply 5 ft. Rule for Adjacent Spaces

“If there is more than one toxicant product in a space undergoing testing, the cumulative effects of the two or more products may be above unity, even though the PELs for any one of the products has not been exceeded.”

Pollution Control (Sect. 4 Sewage)

Preservation of Ships in Service (Sect. 2 Safety Information)

Ammunition Afloat (Chpt 2 General Regulations)

• NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH (NIOSH)
• Tests & approves respiratory equipment
• Recommends toxic exposure limits to OSHA

• CHEMICAL
• BUTTERWORTHING
• STEAM
• WATER WASH
• BIOLOGICAL

• CANNOT BE USED ON PLASTIC OR EPOXY COATED TANKS (JP-5)
• USED TO STEAM OUT MOGAS TANKS
• TEMP MAY NOT EXCEED 230F
• APPLY 50 OR 150 PSI STEAM FOR A PERIOD OF 24 HOURS THROUGH TANK TOP CONNECTION

• GASES USED:
• –CO2 (HEAVIER THAN AIR)
• –N2 (LIGHTER THAN AIR & PREFERRED MEDIUM)
• –MAINTAIN <1% O2 CONCENTRATION

• WORK AREA OUTSIDE SPACE SHALL BE CERTIFIED AND MAINTAINED AS “SAFE FOR HOT WORK”
• DISPOSE OF DISPLACED VAPOR AND INERTING MEDIUM SAFELY

• 5 SCBAs: 2 PASPs 5-RASPs 55 minutes of air per PASP (1 Bottle)
• 4 Safety Harnesses, Safety Lines
• 2 Radios or 3 S.P. headsets w/salt & pepper reel on scene.
• First Aid Kit & Stretcher
• Chain Fall
• Detection Equipment
• Explosion-Proof Flashlights, Drop Lights, or Chem Lights Additional PPE as required.

• PASP: 55 Mins
• RASP: 110 Mins
• SCBA: 15 Mins
• Control Panel Assembly: 60-80 PSI

• Longer stay time
• 15 mins back up air
• ease in rescue
• ease in egress

One Investigator & One Rescuer

Initial Contact, Assessment & Safe Removal

Inv. has Comms

GFE Determines Number ( 2+1 min.) (+1 is line tender)

Don Respiratory Protection & Standby to Assist Primary Rescue Team

One Per Rescuer

Help to Don Gear

Tend Safety Lines & Chain Fall

Tend SAR/SCBA Air Hoses

Comms w/ Space

• Primary
• Secondary
• Attendants

• Insert unbroken tube
• Squeeze bellows
• Wait 30 minutes
• Chain should still have slack
• Read instruction sheet

• Break off both ends of tube
• Insert tube into unit so that arrow points to pump
• Squeeze bellows required # of times (whichever is less on scale)
• Determine readings

• Gas Freeing an IDLH Space
• Gas Freeing for Civilian Contractors
• Gas Freeing for Foreigner Overseas
• Hot Work within 5 ft of a Magazine

No flammables present or being generated

No toxics present or being generated

Only to provide clean air for breathing and comfort

• Provides uncontaminated air for breathing or general comfort
• Supply or Exhaust
• ONE COMPLETE AIR CHANGE EVERY 3 MINUTES

• Captures contaminants as they are generated
• Draws them through exhaust ductwork intake positioned 6-10 inches from work generating contaminants
• The work zone farthest from the exhaust inlet requires airflow of 100 FPM towards the exhaust.
• i.e. hot work

• One complete air change every 3 minutes
• If welding, results compared to NSTM 074 VOL 3 requirements on page 74-38

10%

H2S, Ammonia, Methane

Hydrogen

Nitrogen Dioxide, Ammonia

CO and CO2

Greater than 22%, Less than 19.5%

Greater than 10% LEL

CO2, H2S, HALON, FREON

CO, Ammonia, Hydrogen, Methane

–General Info

–Physical/Chem. Characteristics

–Fire/Explosion Data

–Reactivity Data

–Health Hazards

–Precautions for Safe Handling and Control Measures

• Toxics below PEL
• Sufficient oxygen
• Danger of explosion or excessive toxicants in presence of hot work or hot work not requested

Calibration Gas Test (“Bump Test”)is required in fresh air before each days use

• bump test
• fresh air test
• every 30 day test

• 1 1/2 INCH FIREMAIN INLET AND DISCHARGE CONNECTION
• 2000 CFM WITH 10 INCH VENTILATION DUCT
• WEIGHS 35 LBS/CAN HAVE 3 DUCTS PER FAN

• FM OPERATING PRESSURE 40-180 PSI, MAX 250 PSI
• EXPLOSIONPROOF WHEN GROUNDED

• –BARE METAL
• 2 PER DCRS

• Carbon Dioxide
• Carbon Monoxide
• Hydrogen Chloride
• Hydrogen Cyanide
• Hydrocarbons
• (IAW NSTM 555)

• Ship’s Safety Officer Shall Annually Audit GFE Program (NAVOSH 5100.19 series)
• Audit Follows checklist found at NAVSEA DC website
• Evaluates the GFE Service Personnel for Recertification
• Document Crew Training Upon Reporting & Annually
• GFE Personnel Letter of Designation and Qualifications Shall be Recorded in Individual's Service Record

NO LEGAL PROVISIONS

• –EXCEPTIONS:
• (1) EXTREME EMERGENCY
• (2) INCREASED POTENTIAL LIABILITY
• REQUIRES CO AUTHORIZATION
• GFE MUST PERFORM SERVICES

• Outside US Territorial Waters
• No Shore Maritime GFE or local Competent Person or Marine Chemist

• CIVILIAN CERTIFIES FOR CONTRACTORS AND GFE CERTIFIES FOR SHIP’S CREW
• GFE WILL INFORM CONTRACTOR REP OF FINDINGS
• CONTRACTOR SHALL BE INFORMED THAT HE RETAINS LEGAL OBLIGATION FOR SAFETY OF CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL

• Can be Locally Produced
• GFE Management Tool
• Initial Info and Planning for Gas Free Test
• Should be Submitted Prior to Evolution
• (Use piping systems from DC plate, closure log prior to opening)

• Allows Divisions to Request Hot Work Services
• Management Tool to Optimize Use of Time, Personnel and Resources
• Hot Work Certificates:
• –Gas Free Certificate
• –Locally Prepared

• Entry or Work Delay
• Expiration (8 Hours)
• Hazards Detected
• Ship Movement
• Securing Ventilation
• New Operations or Materials
• Closing Space Or Temporary Shutdown

• Oxygen between 19.5% And 22%
• Toxics below PEL
• All flammables removed (LEL is 0)
• Boundary spaces protected

• OBTAIN CO PERMISSION TO ENTER IDLH SPACE
• OPEN TANK, CONDUCT DROP TEST AND VENTILATE PER NSTM 074
• CONDUCT DROP TEST, GFE ENTER TANK USING SUPPLIED AIR BREATHING APPARATUS AND CONDUCT O2, EXPLOSIVE AND TOXIC TESTS

IDLH requires SAR/SCBA + CO Permission

• Continuous: Every 15 mins
• Periodic: Anything longer than that