-
GFE Main Reference
- NSTM 074 V3
- aka GFE Manual
-
GFE Instruction
- Developed by the DCA and signed by the CO
- Sample contained in 074V3 App C
- Details shipboard policies for NORMAL GAS FREE EVOLUTIONS
-
Gas Free Notebook Contents
- Gas Free Instruction
- Active Gas Free Chits
- Inactive Gas Free Chits (1 yr)
- Gas Free Engineering Procedural Working Guide
- IDLH Space Emergency Entry Checklist
- Closed Compartment Opening Request Form
-
Toxic Gas Bill
- Required by SORM
- Developed by the DCA and signed by the CO (as part of the RPM)
-
All Hands GFE Training Requirements
- UPON REPORTING + ANNUALLY
- -Recognizing hazards
- -Identifying confined spaces and precautions regarding confined space entry
- -Requesting Gas Free Services
- -Helping shipmates in an emergency
-
What instruction or bill outlines the requirements to be met in the event of an emergency GFE evolution?
Toxic Gas Bill
-
What are the two purposes
of the Gas Free Engineering program?
- To ensure a safe working and living environment for the crew
- To provide an all hands hazard awareness training program
-
GFE Requirements
- 1 per Ship
- E-7 or above (USN)
- CO’s Designation Letter
- Valid CPR Quals
- Formal School
- 40 Hours Practical Work
- Emergency Rescue Training
-
GFEA Requirements
- 1 per Ship (CO optional)
- E-6 or Above
- CO’s Designation Letter
- Valid CPR Quals
- Formal School
- 40 Hours Practical Work
- Emergency Rescue Training
-
GFE OJT Waiver
- C.O. May Waive Requirement for 40 Hours of Practical Training in Writing if:
- Candidate Has Graduated from Approved Training Within Past 36 Months
- Unit Does Not Have Qualified GFE Onboard
-
GFEPO
- 1 per IET, DCRS and ASFP (minimum)
- E-4 or above
- CO’s Designation Letter
- Valid CPR Quals
- Formal School
- PQS NAVEDTRA 43704 (316)
- Emergency Rescue Training
-
GFE Program Annual Evaluation
- Required by the CO once a year
- Conducted by Safety Officer
- Gas Free Engineering Program Checklist shall be used
- Evaluates:
- -GFE Personnel recertification
- -Crew Training
- -Equipment
- -Qualifications and Letters of Designation
- -Administration
- Safety Officer and GFE will maintain copies
-
GFE Personnel Recert Requirements
- 1.Annual Verification of CPR
- 2.Refresher Emergency Rescue Training
- 3.Engaged in GFE During the Year
- Issued 10 Certificates
- If Above Has Not Been Satisfied, Complete 5 Gas Free Evolutions Under Supervision of a Certified GFE
- If Above Is Not Possible, Complete an Oral/Written Exam & a Practical Exercise
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When May the GFE 40 hour OJT requirement be waived?
- 1.Graduated Formal School Within 36 months of reporting.
- 2.Unit does not have a qualified GFE aboard.
- 3.Service member is a USCG Engineering Petty Officer.
-
Permissible Exposure Limit
The maximum permissible concentration of a toxic agent to which personnel may be exposed.
-
IDLH Limits
- Oxygen content < 19.5 or > 22%
- Flammable vapors at a concentration of ≥ 10% of the LEL
- Presence of toxicants above NIOSH IDLH limits
-
IDLH PPE Requirements
- Supplied Air Respirator in pressure demand mode (SCBA) or Supplied Air Respirator (SAR)w/
- 15 minute backup Air (SCBA)
-
PEL PPE Requirements
- Respiratory Protection Mandatory
- (Filter Type Respirator or Supplied Air Respirator as Appropriate)
-
< 19.5% oxygen in space
- IDLH
- Require CO Permission to enter
-
CO Characteristics
- #1 KILLER OF SAILORS
- COLORLESS, ODORLESS, TASTELESS
- LIGHTER THAN AIR
- SUBTLE ASPHYXIANT
- FLAMMABLE
- Where is it found?
- P-100s, Post-Fire Atmosphere, Welding, Diesel Generators, Paint Drying
-
H2S Characteristics
- #2 Killer of Sailors
- COLORLESS GAS WITH
- ROTTEN EGG SMELL*
- HEAVIER THAN AIR
- FLAMMABLE
- Attacks Nerves: Apnea, Coma
- Where is it found?
- FIREMAIN
- AFFF SYSTEM
- ROTTING FOOD
- GARBAGE GRINDER
- SEWAGE SPACES
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CO2 Characteristics
- Colorless, Odorless, Tasteless
- HEAVIER THAN AIR
- Blunt Asphyxiant
- NON-FLAMMABLE
- Where is it found? Portable CO2/CO2 Flooding Systems
-
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Characteristics
- DARK BROWN, PUNGENT GAS
- HEAVIER THAN AIR
- NON FLAMMABLE
- CHOKING AGENT
- Where is it found? Hot Work, Fires, Combustion Engines, Burning Polyester/Nylon
-
Methane (CH4) Characteristics
- Colorless, odorless, and lighter than air.
- It is a product of aerobic decay of organic materials such as those found in CHT systems.
- Flammable
-
Hydrogen Characteristics
- Flammable, explosive, lighter than air
- Can be created by rust
- Where is it found? Battery charging spaces
-
FREON/R-134A Characteristics
- Colorless/Odorless
- Heavier than air
- Non-flammable
- Frostbite
- Attacks CNS, asphyxiates
- heat creates phosgene gas
-
Ammonia (NH3) Characteristics
- Pungent Odor
- Lighter than air
- Flammable
- Choking Agent
- Where is it found? Cleaning products, urinals
-
HALON 1301/HFP Characteristics
- Colorless/Odorless
- 5x heavier than air
- non-flammable
- frostbite danger + attacks CNS
-
Name 4 Toxicants that are HEAVIER than Air:
CO2, H2S, HALON, Refrigerants
-
Name 3 Toxicants which are LIGHTER than Air:
CO, Hydrogen, Methane
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GFE Pre-Inspection Procedures
- Assign personnel (fire watches, compartment testing, etc.)
- Determine ventilation requirements
- Conduct safety brief
- tag out space, set up safety equipment
- secure area, conduct ORM
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Closed Compartment Opening + Test Procedures
- 1. Drop Test (if IDLH, need CO permission to enter)
- 2. Ventilate at least 2 complete air changes (regardless of IDLH)
- 3. 2nd drop test, reventilate + retest if required
- 4. Enter for visual inspection and in-space atmospheric test
- 5. Exit, fill out, post certificates
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10 point test
- used for large spaces
- test top, middle, bottom + all pockets
-
Where must you post gas free certs?
- Gas Free Files
- OOD/Quarterdeck
- All accesses + main entrance to space
- Division requesting services
- DC Central
-
Post Inspection Procedures
- Fire Watch remains for 30 mins or until area is cool to touch (whichever longer)
- Conduct final inspection w/ requesting activity
- Inventory
- Secure Access to space
- Restow Gear
- Remove all gas free certs
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Retainability for GF cert in GF Log
Retain for 1 year
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Gas Free Notebook Contents
- –Ship’s Gas Free Instruction
- –Active Gas Free Chits
- –Inactive Gas Free Chits
- Chits retained for 1 year
-
Gas Free Cert good for
8 hours
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GF/Hot Work: CO Permissions
- Gas freeing IDLH space
- Gas freeing for civilian contractors
- Gas freeing for foreigner overseas
- Hot Work adjacent to Magazines (never above or within 5 feet)
-
Hot Work Chit/GF Distribution
- All accesses to the space
- GFE Files (original)
- Division requesting services
- DC Central
- Officer of the Deck (Inport or Underway
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What are the requirements for a space to be considered “Safe for Personnel/Safe for Hot Work”?
- 19.5% < O2 < 22 .0%
- Toxins less than PEL
- All Flammables removed (LEL = 0)
- All boundary spaces protected
-
Oxygen Deficiency
Occurs in Confined Spaces when oxygen is displaced or consumed (less than 19.5%)
-
Classes of Respiratory Protection Equipment
- Air Purifying
- Supplied Air
-
Pressure demand mode (respiratory protection)
- Continuous positive pressure within face piece
- Prevents leakage into face piece
- SCBA (Scott Air Pack)
- SAR with SCBA
-
What publication would you find information on color coding for air purifying respirator cartridges?
NAVOSH Manual (5100.19E)
-
VENTILATION PRIOR TO ENTRY
Minimum 2 complete air changes
-
Types of Ventilation
- GENERAL
- LOCAL EXHAUST
- DILUTION
-
Local Exhaust Ventilation
- Captures contaminants as they are generated
- Draws them through exhaust ductwork intake positioned 6-10 inches from work generating contaminants
- Effective for welding and solvent cleaning
- Exhaust only
- 100 Linear FPM
-
Ram Fan Ducting Limitation
Maximum of three 15 ft ducts per fan
-
When may air be blown into a space vs. drawn out of a space?
- No flammables present or being generated
- No toxics present or being generated
- Only to provide clean air for breathing and comfort
-
THE DILUTION VENTILATION FORMULA STATES YOU SHOULD HAVE ____ COMPLETE AIR CHANGE EVERY _____ MINUTES.
-
Explain “Short Circuiting” as it applies to Ventilation.
How To remedy the problem?
- –Source of Make-Up air is too close to exhaust inlet ducting
- –Place trunk further into space
-
Hot Work definition & examples
- Any operation occurring in the presence of flammables which requires the use or the presence of an ignition source.
- Spark-Producing Tools
- Arc-Producing Equipment
- Grinders > 3” diameter
- Open Flames or Embers
-
When Class Alpha materials are exposed, hot work is divided into 2 classes
- High Energy (Scattered Sparks)
- Minimal Energy (Localized Sparks)
-
Firewatch remains on station until
- 30 mins
- or until material is cool to touch
- (whichever is longer)
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5 ft Rule
NO HOT WORK IS ALLOWED IN SPACES ABOVE , OR WITHIN 5 FT OF A LOADED MAGAZINE
-
Which Class of Hot Work ALWAYS requires a Fire Watch?
Class I : High Energy Sparks
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Flammables Must be Moved How Far From Work Site?
35 ft
-
Surface Coatings Should be Cleared Away How Many Inches?
4"
-
What are some general safety precautions required to be followed for tank cleaning?
Smoking lamp out, 200’ exclusion zone, PPE, safety observer, non-spark producing tools, continuous ventilation, SAR, etc.
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What is the preferred medium for inerting?
Dry Nitrogen
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VCHT Modes of Operation
- In-Port: all waste drains to tank, then pier riser
- Transit: use within 3 nm of coastline. Blackwater goes to tank, greywater below waterline goes to tank
- At Sea: black + grey water overboard
-
Safe for hotwork general criteria
- Oxygen between 19.5% And 22%
- Toxics below PEL
- All flammables removed
- Boundary Spaces Protected
-
Options for Ventilation
- Local Exhaust Ventilation (i.e. welding/painting/solvents)
- Dilution Ventilation (reduce toxins)
- General Ventilation (provide comfort air in a hazard-free atmosphere)
-
When can a civilian GF for you?
- QA only
- (at CO's discretion)
-
1st Aid Priorities
- 1.C A B’s
- (Circulation/Airway/Breathing)
- 2.Control Bleeding
- 3.Treat for Shock
- 4.Treat Broken Bones
- 5.Get Casualty to Medical
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1st Responder Actions
- 1. Report Casualty
- 2. Survey area for danger
- 3. Check for response
- 4. Check circulation
- 5. Check the airway
- 6. Check for breathing
- 7. Stop bleeding
- 8. Treat for shock
- 9. Treat broken bones
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# of stretchers you should have onboard
IAW ship’s Authorized Minimal Medical Allowance List
-
Stretcher Types
- Stokes Stretcher
- Miller Board (Backboard)
- Army Litter
- Reeve Sleeve 2
-
Stokes Stretcher Pros/Cons
- Pros: Good for helo transfer
- Cons: Poor Spinal support, bad in narrow p-ways
-
Miller Body Board Pros/Cons
- Pros: Immobilizes spine, lightweight
- Cons: Awkward to hold, slippery&narrow
-
Army Litter Cons
Cannot strap down
-
BDS Purpose & Watchstanders
- Provide Alternate Sites for corpsman to Assess/Treat During Emergencies
- 4 Stretcher Bearers & Phone Talker
-
How often are BDS' Inventoried?
- Semi-Annually
- (IAW CNSL/SP INST 6000)
-
DCA Personnel Casualty Responsibilities
- Assist Medical in Training and Drilling
- Monitor Personal Qual (PQS) Progress
- Maintain Communications Between BDS and DCRS
- Provide Safe Route
-
RPL Personnel Casualty Responsibilities
- Assign Stretcher Bearers
- (NOT from Primary Fire Attack Team)
- Send S/Bs as Required
- Maintain Comms
- Track Injuries
-
Who is Responsible for Assigning a Medical Department Representative to DCTT?
Senior Medical Rep/IDC
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GFE Requirements
- 1 per Ship
- E-7 or Above
- CO’s Designation Letter
- Annual CPR Verification
- Formal School
- 40 Hours Practical Work U/I (waiverable)
-
GFEA Requirements
- 1 per Ship
- E-6 or Above
- CO’s Designation Letter
- Annual CPR Verification
- Formal School
-
GFEPO Requirements
- 1 per IET (minimum)
- E-4 or above
- CO’s Designation Letter
- Annual CPR Verification
- Formal School
- PQS (NAVEDTRA 43704, 316)
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Ignition Temp
Minimum temperature at which self sustained combustion occurs without an external ignition source
-
Fire Point
Temperature at which sufficient vapors are released to support continuous combustion once ignited.
-
Flash Point
Minimum temperature at which sufficient vapors are released to form an ignitable mixture.
-
Ammo/Hot Work Rules
- Remove Ammunition Prior to Availability or Overhaul
- No Hot Work in Any Space Containing Ammunition
- CO Must Approve in Writing any Hot Work in Adjacent Spaces
- Apply 5 ft. Rule for Adjacent Spaces
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Additive Effect Described
“If there is more than one toxicant product in a space undergoing testing, the cumulative effects of the two or more products may be above unity, even though the PELs for any one of the products has not been exceeded.”
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NSTM 593
Pollution Control (Sect. 4 Sewage)
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NSTM 631
Preservation of Ships in Service (Sect. 2 Safety Information)
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NAVSEA OP-4
Ammunition Afloat (Chpt 2 General Regulations)
-
What is NIOSH and what do they do?
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH (NIOSH)
- Tests & approves respiratory equipment
- Recommends toxic exposure limits to OSHA
-
Tank cleaning Methods
- CHEMICAL
- BUTTERWORTHING
- STEAM
- WATER WASH
- BIOLOGICAL
-
Steam Cleaning
- CANNOT BE USED ON PLASTIC OR EPOXY COATED TANKS (JP-5)
- USED TO STEAM OUT MOGAS TANKS
- TEMP MAY NOT EXCEED 230F
- APPLY 50 OR 150 PSI STEAM FOR A PERIOD OF 24 HOURS THROUGH TANK TOP CONNECTION
-
Inerting/Pressing Up/Steam Blanketing
- GASES USED:
- –CO2 (HEAVIER THAN AIR)
- –N2 (LIGHTER THAN AIR & PREFERRED MEDIUM)
- –MAINTAIN <1% O2 CONCENTRATION
- WORK AREA OUTSIDE SPACE SHALL BE CERTIFIED AND MAINTAINED AS “SAFE FOR HOT WORK”
- DISPOSE OF DISPLACED VAPOR AND INERTING MEDIUM SAFELY
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Reqd Emergency Rescue Equipment
- 5 SCBAs: 2 PASPs 5-RASPs 55 minutes of air per PASP (1 Bottle)
- 4 Safety Harnesses, Safety Lines
- 2 Radios or 3 S.P. headsets w/salt & pepper reel on scene.
- First Aid Kit & Stretcher
- Chain Fall
- Detection Equipment
- Explosion-Proof Flashlights, Drop Lights, or Chem Lights Additional PPE as required.
-
SAR w/SCBA Times
- PASP: 55 Mins
- RASP: 110 Mins
- SCBA: 15 Mins
- Control Panel Assembly: 60-80 PSI
-
SAR Advantages over SCBA
- Longer stay time
- 15 mins back up air
- ease in rescue
- ease in egress
-
Primary Rescue Team
One Investigator & One Rescuer
Initial Contact, Assessment & Safe Removal
Inv. has Comms
-
Secondary Rescue Team
GFE Determines Number ( 2+1 min.) (+1 is line tender)
Don Respiratory Protection & Standby to Assist Primary Rescue Team
-
Attendants (GFE)
One Per Rescuer
Help to Don Gear
Tend Safety Lines & Chain Fall
Tend SAR/SCBA Air Hoses
Comms w/ Space
-
Emergency Rescue Teams
- Primary
- Secondary
- Attendants
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Draeger Tube Procedures (1 of 2)
- Insert unbroken tube
- Squeeze bellows
- Wait 30 minutes
- Chain should still have slack
- Read instruction sheet
-
Draeger Tube Procedures (2 of 2)
- Break off both ends of tube
- Insert tube into unit so that arrow points to pump
- Squeeze bellows required # of times (whichever is less on scale)
- Determine readings
-
CO Permission Required
- Gas Freeing an IDLH Space
- Gas Freeing for Civilian Contractors
- Gas Freeing for Foreigner Overseas
- Hot Work within 5 ft of a Magazine
-
Blowing Air Purpose/Limitations
No flammables present or being generated
No toxics present or being generated
Only to provide clean air for breathing and comfort
-
General Ventilation
- Provides uncontaminated air for breathing or general comfort
- Supply or Exhaust
- ONE COMPLETE AIR CHANGE EVERY 3 MINUTES
-
Local Exhaust Ventilation
- Captures contaminants as they are generated
- Draws them through exhaust ductwork intake positioned 6-10 inches from work generating contaminants
- The work zone farthest from the exhaust inlet requires airflow of 100 FPM towards the exhaust.
- i.e. hot work
-
Dilution Ventilation Formula
- One complete air change every 3 minutes
- If welding, results compared to NSTM 074 VOL 3 requirements on page 74-38
-
LEL must always be less than
10%
-
Name 3 Toxicants that are associated with Sewage:
H2S, Ammonia, Methane
-
What Toxicant is associated with Rust?
Hydrogen
-
Name 2 Toxicants that can Cause a Sailor to Choke:
Nitrogen Dioxide, Ammonia
-
What Toxicants are associated with combustion?
CO and CO2
-
When is Oxygen Level Considered IDLH?
Greater than 22%, Less than 19.5%
-
When are Explosives Considered IDLH?
Greater than 10% LEL
-
Name 4 Toxicants that are HEAVIER than Air:
CO2, H2S, HALON, FREON
-
Name 3 Toxicants which are LIGHTER than Air:
CO, Ammonia, Hydrogen, Methane
-
What type of information is on an MSDS?
–General Info
–Physical/Chem. Characteristics
–Fire/Explosion Data
–Reactivity Data
–Health Hazards
–Precautions for Safe Handling and Control Measures
-
Safe For Personnel/Not Safe For Hotwork
- Toxics below PEL
- Sufficient oxygen
- Danger of explosion or excessive toxicants in presence of hot work or hot work not requested
-
When is a "bump test" required?
Calibration Gas Test (“Bump Test”)is required in fresh air before each days use
-
3 tests on 6 gas
- bump test
- fresh air test
- every 30 day test
-
RAM FAN 2000
- 1 1/2 INCH FIREMAIN INLET AND DISCHARGE CONNECTION
- 2000 CFM WITH 10 INCH VENTILATION DUCT
- WEIGHS 35 LBS/CAN HAVE 3 DUCTS PER FAN
- FM OPERATING PRESSURE 40-180 PSI, MAX 250 PSI
- EXPLOSIONPROOF WHEN GROUNDED
-
What Toxic Tests are requiredto be conducted after a class "B" fire?
- Carbon Dioxide
- Carbon Monoxide
- Hydrogen Chloride
- Hydrogen Cyanide
- Hydrocarbons
- (IAW NSTM 555)
-
Annual GFE Audit Procedures
- Ship’s Safety Officer Shall Annually Audit GFE Program (NAVOSH 5100.19 series)
- Audit Follows checklist found at NAVSEA DC website
- Evaluates the GFE Service Personnel for Recertification
- Document Crew Training Upon Reporting & Annually
- GFE Personnel Letter of Designation and Qualifications Shall be Recorded in Individual's Service Record
-
SHIPBOARD GFE SERVICES FOR CIVILIANS
NO LEGAL PROVISIONS
- –EXCEPTIONS:
- (1) EXTREME EMERGENCY
- (2) INCREASED POTENTIAL LIABILITY
- REQUIRES CO AUTHORIZATION
- GFE MUST PERFORM SERVICES
-
When May You Gas Free for a Foreign Contractor?
- Outside US Territorial Waters
- No Shore Maritime GFE or local Competent Person or Marine Chemist
-
What is the Procedure for Military & Civilian Dual Occupancy?
- CIVILIAN CERTIFIES FOR CONTRACTORS AND GFE CERTIFIES FOR SHIP’S CREW
- GFE WILL INFORM CONTRACTOR REP OF FINDINGS
- CONTRACTOR SHALL BE INFORMED THAT HE RETAINS LEGAL OBLIGATION FOR SAFETY OF CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL
-
Closed Compartment Opening Request
- Can be Locally Produced
- GFE Management Tool
- Initial Info and Planning for Gas Free Test
- Should be Submitted Prior to Evolution
- (Use piping systems from DC plate, closure log prior to opening)
-
Hot Work Authorization Request
- Allows Divisions to Request Hot Work Services
- Management Tool to Optimize Use of Time, Personnel and Resources
- Hot Work Certificates:
- –Gas Free Certificate
- –Locally Prepared
-
When to retest (Hotwork)
- Entry or Work Delay
- Expiration (8 Hours)
- Hazards Detected
- Ship Movement
- Securing Ventilation
- New Operations or Materials
- Closing Space Or Temporary Shutdown
-
SAFE FOR PERSONNEL/ SAFE FOR HOTWORK
- Oxygen between 19.5% And 22%
- Toxics below PEL
- All flammables removed (LEL is 0)
- Boundary spaces protected
-
Application of Cleaning Methods (IDLH Space)
- OBTAIN CO PERMISSION TO ENTER IDLH SPACE
- OPEN TANK, CONDUCT DROP TEST AND VENTILATE PER NSTM 074
- CONDUCT DROP TEST, GFE ENTER TANK USING SUPPLIED AIR BREATHING APPARATUS AND CONDUCT O2, EXPLOSIVE AND TOXIC TESTS
-
IDLH vs Non-IDLH entering a space and testing
IDLH requires SAR/SCBA + CO Permission
-
Continuous vs Periodic Testing
- Continuous: Every 15 mins
- Periodic: Anything longer than that
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