DCASE MODULE 5

077

• 30 mins
• 45 mins
• 4500 psi regardless of size

• Coat Style
• Over the Head

NSTM 077

• long sleeved uniforms and/or fire resistant engineering coveralls
• firefighter’s helmet
• breathing apparatus
• antiflash hood
• protective gloves.

• Manufactured from two layers of Kevlar/FR Rayon
• Designed to provide protection to head and face

• Designed to provide protection to hands and forearms.
• 100% cotton construction, one size fits all.

All personnel involved in direct firefighting

• Shelby Steamblock Model #5229
• outer shell
• moisture barrier
• thermal liner

Intended to provide protection to head, lower face, neck, hands, and wrist from transient elevated temperatures and high explosive weapon flashes.

100 ft

19-21 ft

• 115 V
• Explosion proof
• 3200 cfm
• No ducts
• Door bars and hooks

• Supplied using an 1½ inch fire hose
• 2000 cfm with 150 psi & 10” duct
• Explosion proof with grounding clamp

• 1. 12 V rechargeable battery supply
• Multiple batteries per kit.
• Can also use other 12 V source w/ jumper cables.
• 2. 8 foot cable from pack to tool.
• 3. Tools provided: mechanical ram, cutter,spreader, Sawzall, light.
• One person carry with backpack

• 4 HP Yanmar Diesel engine and 5000 psig hydraulic pump.
• Hose reel contains 100 ft of hose.
• Tools provided: hydraulic ram, cutter, and spreader.
• Will run on JP-4, JP-5, or DFM.

• Eye & face protection
• Leather welder’s jacket
• Leather gloves
• Hearing protection

Can not be used in a flammable or explosive atmosphere.

• MOD-1 Talisman or Bullard TI Navy is the basic model,and comes with thermal imaging only .
• MOD-2 Talisman comes with a temperature readout and a video overlay feature .

• 15 lbs of CO2.
• Effective range 4-6 feet.
• Will last approximately 40 seconds of continuous use.
• Ensure tamper seal is in place on pull pin.
• Conduct agent test prior to fire fighting.
• Ground cylinder to deck when discharging.
• Discharge at the base.

• Has minimal reflash capabilities.
• Frostbite hazard.
• Asphyxiation hazard.
• Static electricity hazard.

• 18 and 27 lbs cylinders.
• Effective range 18 lb: 19 feet, 27 lb: 21 feet.
• Will last approximately 10-11 seconds of continuous use.
• Ensure tamper seal is in place on pull pin.
• Remove discharge hose from holder and depress plunger handle.
• Conduct agent test prior to fire fighting.
• Discharge at the base of fire using a side to side motion.

• Has minimal reflash capabilities.
• Vision and lung hazard.

• 2.5 gallons pre-mixed solution of AFFF concentrate and fresh water
• Effective range: 15 feet and decreases as pressure decreases.
• Will last approximately 60 seconds of continuous use.
• Ensure tamper seal is in place on pull pin.
• Check pressure gauge to ensure in the green safe range.

• vapor: secure a small fuel spill to prevent a fire
• to extinguish a small class B fire (including a deep fat fryer fire)
• to extinguish a small class A fire
• for use in standing fire watch during hotwork.

• 1) Aqueous film is formed on surface of fuel which prevents escape of fuel vapors.
• 2) Foam effectively excludes oxygen from fuel surface.
• 3) Water content of foam provides cooling effect.

Needs a minimum of 100 psi firemain to produce a 3% or 6% foam discharge.

• No more than 3 - 50’ lengths of discharge hose if on the same deck or going up one deck.
• A max. of 6 - 50’ hoses going down one or more decks.
• No more than 1 - 50’ hose between the fireplug and eductor.

COMNAVSURFORINST 3541.1

• Fire Marshall
• Electrician
• 2x Rapid Responders

• Scene Leader
• Team Leader
• 3x Team Members
• 2x Investigators

Rapid Response Team + Back Up Team

• 1.Proceed directly to the scene and attempt to extinguish or contain the fire.
• 2.Do not delay response in order to don protective clothing.
• -SCBA may be used if immediately available.
• 3.If unable to extinguish the fire, isolate and set Zebra in affected area.
• -Break out firefighting equipment and remain on scene until the remainder of the Flying Squad arrives.

Go to locker and dress out

• Allows a significant increase in response without disrupting tactical watchstations.
• DC Central, 1 – DCRS, 1 – BDS

• If the Flying Squad cannot handle the situation.
• Ship’s survivability affected.
• More than one space involved.

Officer or CPO who is totally familiar with repair locker area of responsibility.

• On Scene Leader - in charge at the scene of the fire.
• Assess the extent of the fire.
• Determine firefighting agent to be used.
• Determine method and direction of attack.
• CONTROL the fire party.
• Establish communications.
• Determine PPE requirements.

Yes

• Fire boundarymen proceed directly to the scene when a fire is called away and set primary and secondary fire boundaries as directed by the repair party leader or fire marshal.
• Report to roving investigators

• 1x FM/OSL
• 1x Nozzleman
• 2x Hoseman
• 1x Plugman
• 2x Investigators
• 1x Talker/Plotter
• 1x Electrician
• 1x Utility Person

Then a separate OSL is required

• Operate in Pairs.
• Search all surrounding / boundary areas for fire, damage and personnel casualties.
• Monitor fire and smoke boundaries
• Investigate thoroughly, cautiously, report to RPL
• repeat until directed to stop

• Respond immediately to fire alarms when repair parties are not available.
• Extinguish fires effectively without disrupting normal ship operations.
• Control fires until ongoing sensitive critical evolutions can be terminated and GQ stations are ready

• Know the ship
• Investigate thoroughly
• Investigate cautiously
• Report findings
• Repeat investigation
• Never lose control of a watertight fitting
• Re-secure compartments after leaving them
• Look for hidden damage.

• Fire which reacts in other than an ordinary manner when extinguishing agents are applied.
• LOX, Gaseous O2, Hydraulic Fluids

• Method 1: Portable AFFF Extinguisher
• Method 2: 18lb PKP extinguisher + narrow angle water fog
• Method 3: Water, narrow angle fog

• 1. AFFF Extinguisher (4 ft away minimum)
• 2. FW Hose Reel, Fog (4 ft away minimum)
• 3. Seawater Hose, Fog (4 ft away)
• 4. AFFF, Fog (4 ft)

• Jettison
• Attack any pools with PKP/AFFFF

• Narrow angle fog
• HFP

• Secure source
• minimize collateral damage

• Activate AFFF bilge sprinkling for a minimum of 1 minute
• Set negative or exhause ventilation in affected space

• Activate Bilge Sprinkling until bilge fire is out or space abandoned.
• Set negative/exhaust ventilation in affected space
• Set positive pressure ventilation in surrounding spaces
• (upon evacuation): secure ventilation in affected space

• Set Negative or Exhaust ventilation in the affected space for a minimum of 15 minutes after 15 minute Halon or HFP soak time.
• Continue negative/exhaust ventilation during reentry, through overhaul.
• Maintain Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) in the Smoke Control Zone.

• AFFF Bilge Sprinkling start/stop time
• HALON actuated/released times
• Ventilation secured/energized times
• Mechanical/Electrical Isolation
• Fire origin/location

• 1.TEMPERATURE OF BOUNDARIES
• If the temperature increases by 50° or more, in the same exact spot on the bulkhead or deck, the fire may not have been extinguished or has reflashed.
• 2. EXHAUST VENT DISCHARGE SMOKE
• White smoke or no smoke indicates the fire has been extinguished.
• 3. VISUAL INSPECTION

• Minimum two protected (SCBA & FFE) fire party members with AFFF extinguisher.
• Mech Isolation must be COMPLETE
• Elec Isolation may be in progress
• Fire Boundaries shall be established

• Re-establish or maintain desmoking with installed ventilation (15 min soak time not required)
• Reentry should be attempted asap after WM is actuated

NSTM 074 Vol 3

• Scene Leader
• 2 Rescue Persons (Hotsuitmen) Primary duty is to save personnel
• 2 AFFF hose teams
• Nozzleman
• Team Leader
• Hoseman
• Plugman
• Corpsman

• 3 persons minimum per 1 ½” hose
• 5 persons minimum per 2 ½” hose (Plugman may act as Hoseman)

• 1. 3x AFFF Hoses
• 2. 2x Complete Proximity Tools
• 3. Tool Roll

• Attack from fore/aft
• They explode sideways

• 125 GPM Vari-nozzle
• (unless back-up hose is fed from In-line eductor - then 95GPM)

• 3 (generally)
• Also platform dependent

3200

2000 cfm

250F

360F

• Saving lives
• Fire suppression
• Extinguish & limit damage to the  aircraft

• Keep bridge informed when fire/crash/explosion occurs
• Direct firefighting crew efforts
• Clear aircraft rapidly from fire area

• Organization/training of flight deck firefighting & rescue teams
• Material maintenance readiness & operation of assigned equipment
• Directs fire parties from unaffected areas

• Varies depending on platform & ship instructions
• Typical Setup: 2x 1/2" vari nozzles with AFFF hose reels (port & stbd)
• 1x 1/2" vari nozzle + inline eductor with Firemain plug (ordnance cooling)

• Cranial + Goggles + Ear pro
• Jersey
• MK-1 Life Vest

• Halligan Tool
• Fire Axe
• Cable Cutter
• Flashlight

• 1. All personnel take cover until "all clear" sounded
• 2. OSL orders attack teams to move in, fight fire from fore to aft
• 3. Casualties reported to OSL. OSL reports to HCO
• 4. Hotsuit men check inside/outside helo, carry fire extinguisher + halligan tool
• 5. Reflash watch set

• All flight deck personnel + DCA must attend
• Team must complete + pass every 24 months or when 40% of team has turned over

Inline Filter

Time Delay Device

TDD Bypass

Vent Shutdown & Preshutdown Alarm Switches

1/4" Check Valve

5 lb CO2 Actuation Cylinder

Release Alarm Pressure Switch

125 lb Halon

Ratio Controller

Hycheck Valve

Master SOPV

Powercheck Valve

Balancing Valve

AFFF Pump

300 gal AFFF concentrate tank

Orifice

Local Pull Station

Time Delay Device

Vent Shutdown Discharge & Alarm Pressure Switches

Protective Cage

Remote Pull Pin

Fusible Link

Pressure Release Control Box

Nitrogen Cylinder

• APC Cylinder
• Pressure Switch

• Activated with 5 lb. CO2 actuators
• Usually at least two actuation stations (One inside the protected space and one outside)
• Audible & Visual alarms upon activation
• Activated by a Pressure Switch
• A Time Delay Device allows for ventilation & equipment to secure and personnel to egress
• 60 seconds for large spaces, 30 seconds for small
• Valve installed to bypass the TDD if necessary
• Ventilation & equipment secured by a Pressure Switch

• 60 seconds (+/- 10) large space
• 30 seconds (+/- 5) small space
• If no discharge is indicated after 70 seconds (large) or 35 seconds (small), open the TDD Bypass Valve
• 10 seconds for agent to completely discharge
• 15 minutes minimum agent soak time

interrupting the Uninhibited Chemical Chain Reaction

• Configured the same as the Halon system.
• Concentration in manned space is 8.5%
• Concentration in unmanned space is 9.5%
• Used where water mist is impractical or ineffective.  Used in low flashpoint stowage such as Mogas or alcohol

• HIGH PRESSURE WATER SPRAY
• 1000 PSI through 200 micron nozzles
• Extinguish the fire by cooling
• Each storage tank is sized to provide flow to the largest protected space for at least 15 minutes continuous operation

• Paint Locker
• Paint Mix and Issue Room
• Flammable Liquid Storeroom
• Flammable Compressed Gas Cylinder Storeroom

• White: power available
• Red: CO2 discharged

30 seconds

• Frostbite  (releases at -110 degrees F).
• Material must be allowed to cool since CO2 provides no reflash protection.
• Avoid contact of horn with electrical circuits.

• TYPE II 35 GPM @ 200 PSI
• TYPE III 65 GPM @ 175 PSI

• Mixes with water to form an aqueous film which excludes oxygen from the surface of the fuel.
• Cools due to water content.
• Excellent penetrating characteristics / superior to water on Class “A” fires.

temporary

• <3 NM from land - No Overboard Discharge
• 3 - 12  NM from land - Discharge Permitted if Ship Speed is 12 kts or Higher
• >12 NM FROM LAND - Discharge as Required

• AFFF Concentrate - Striped LIGHT BLUE & RED
• AFFF Foam Discharge - Striped RED & GREEN

• The Hycheck valve is a allows the flow of seawater from the firemain system to be mixed with AFFF concentrate
• Hycheck is held closed by firemain pressure from the master SOPV on top of the diaphragm. When firemain pressure on the diaphragm is relieved by the master SOPV, the Hycheck is forced open by firemain pressure.

allows flow of AFFF from the pump to be mixed with seawater but protects the AFFF tank from seawater contamination or dilution

Mixes AFFF concentrate and firemain to produce finished foam.

Maintain equal AFFF concentrate and firemain pressures.

• STARTS AFFF PUMP
• OPENS HYCHECK VALVE
• OPENS POWERCHECK VALVE

• Fire protection for the Gaylord Hood is activated automatically or manually.
• Automatically by means of the Fail-Safe Thermostat when temperatures reach 250°F.
• Located in the ductwork.
• Manually by means of the Remote Fire Switch or Damper Control Switch.

open time delay bypass valve

• WHITE - POWER AVAILABLE TO ALARM SYSTEM.
• AMBER - SYSTEM ACTIVATION HAS OCCURRED.
• RED - HALON DISCHARGE.

• AFFF CONCENTRATE PUMP STARTS.
• HYCHECK VALVE OPENS.
• POWERCHECK VALVE OPENS.

• white: power available
• yellow: halon activated
• red: halon discharged

• ANY physical boundary can be a primary fire boundary (FB)
• Generally set at fire zone bulkheads or watertight subdivisions.
• Minimum fume-tight for Main Space Fire.
• All six sides of affected space: Bulkheads, overhead and deck closest to the fire.
• Primary emphasis must be on vertical boundary
• It should be the repair party leader’s decision to man fire boundaries with charged hoses.

• Remove ALL combustibles away from boundary
• Cool
• To prevent rapid steam build-up and increased risk of steam burns, the firefighter should use initial bursts of water which may be as short as 1-2 seconds
• Close All accesses, maintain Zebra
• May be manned by a single person with a 1 1/2 inch hose
• SCBA worn by boundarymen as required

• Next bulkhead, overhead and deck outside the primary boundary.
• Manned when fire spreads past primary boundaries

• Area between primary and secondary smoke boundaries
• when the access to the fire space is opened by the attack team, smoke will be trapped in the smoke control zone.
• Breathing device required here

• In charge of firefighting at the scene
• Normally located outside the primary fire boundary
• Communicates with the Repair Party Leader
• Sizes up the fire
• Determines method of attack
• Determines protective clothing requirements
• Determines if active desmoking is required
• Monitors hose team reliefs
• Directs electrical isolation

• One person can operate an 11/2 inch hose in initial attack
• Sustained operation requires a minimum of 2 hose handlers in addition to the nozzleman (requirements increase based on hose length and number of turns)
• Two people can operate a 21/2 inch hose in initial attack
• Sustained operation requires a minimum of 4 hose handlers in addition to the nozzleman (requirements increase based on hose length and number of turns)

• Used in direct attack. 
• Also good to penetrate and break up burned Class (A) material for overhaul. (100 feet at 100PSI)

(30 Degrees) General firefighting pattern. Good for providing a “push” to flame fronts. (50 feet at 100 PSI)

Medium Angle fog / (60 Degrees) Used to interrupt the thermal layer in the roll over stage of a fire

Wide angle fog / (90 Degrees) Good heat absorption, used for personnel protection. (5-10 feet at 100 PSI)

• Direct Attack
• Fog Attack
• Indirect Attack
• Venting Options

• Direct Attack - Preferred method
• Short bursts (several seconds) of water with a narrow angle fog or straight stream nozzle pattern onto the seat of the fire.

• Fog Attack (to gain control of fire)
• Used when:
• –Overhead gases are burning (Rollover).
• –Seat of fire is obstructed.
• –Multiple seats of fire present.
• –Delay or prevent flashover during growth stage.

• –When heat or other conditions deny access to space.
• –May improve condition to permit reentry for direct attack.
• –To cool space, apply water fog into space from a cracked open access or hole cut in the deck.
• –Follow immediately with direct attack.

• –Additional option to consider when topside or in large area that opens to weather.
• Cut hole in access above fire.
• –Minimum of 12in x 12in
• –Must be wearing full Firefighting Ensemble including SCBA.

• OSL requests
• RPL approves

• –If the initial attack is unsuccessful.  
• –If likely that the fire attack will go on for an extended period of time.
• If smoke or heat is spreading to spaces beyond the fire space impeding the attack on the fire.

• The goal in desmoking is to replace 95% of the smoke-laden air with fresh air. This will require approximately 4 complete space volume changes in a compartment.
• REQUIRES CHENG APPROVAL

NSTM 074 vol 3

nstm 079 v2

• If emergency access is deemed necessary, the person in charge at the scene may determine the equipment needs to be accesses
• (CO’s permission is not required except for a SWBD)

• ANY SOLID PHYSICAL BOUNDARY
• IMMEDIATELY SURROUNDING ALL SIX SIDES OF THE AFFECTED SPACE
• PREVENT THE SPREAD OF FIRE

• AT SEA: REPAIR LOCKERS
• INPORT: MUSTER POINT
• “ON BOARD=ON DUTY”

• venting removes heat and smoke from fire space
• active desmoking removes heat and smoke from smoke control zone

• Electrical
• Mechanical
• Ventilation
• DC equipment
• Hazardous materials
• Water, Air, and oil Tight Closures

19-21 ft

• May be the nozzleman or a separate individual.
• -A separate individual is necessary if a NFTI is used.
• -When two hoses attack the fire together, the ATL directs both.
• -If two hoses attack a fire independently, you need two ATLs.

True

• Rapid but cautious
• Thorough
• Report to RPL
• REPEAT until directed to stop

• Assess the extent of the fire.
• Determine firefighting agent to be used.
• Determine method and direction of attack.
• CONTROL the fire party.
• Establish communications.
• Determine PPE requirements.

• Respond immediately to fire alarms when repair parties are not available.
• Extinguish fires effectively without disrupting normal ship operations.
• Control fires until ongoing sensitive critical evolutions can be terminated and GQ stations are ready.

• Operate in Pairs.
• Search all surrounding / boundary areas for fire, damage and personnel casualties.
• Monitor fire and smoke boundaries.
• Investigate thoroughly, cautiously, report to RPL and repeat until directed to stop.

• OXYGEN
• FUEL
• HEAT

• growth
• flashover
• fully developed fire
• decay

• Earliest stage beginning with ignition.
• Fire limited to origin of ignition material.
• Forms a hot, smoky layer in the overhead

• gases burn in the overhead during growth stage
• occurs during growth stage

• Simultaneous ignition of all contents of the compartment.
• Normally occurs when the upper gas layer reaches 11000F.
• Can usually be prevented by proper fog application or venting.

• All combustibles in the space have reached their ignition temperature and are burning.
• Burning rate limited by the amount of oxygen available.Flames emerge from any opening

• Available oxygen is consumed or reduced to a point where there is insufficient oxygen to react with fuel.
• Flame may cease to exist if the area is sufficiently airtight.
• Burning reduced to glowing embers

requires 3% oxygen

15% oxygen

–chemical process where a substance combines with oxygen

–energy (heat) is given off

–Chemical decomposition of a solid to a vapor by the action of heat

• conduction
• convection
• radiation

–Reacts with burning fat / cooking oil to produce a non-combustible soap-like material that provides a vapor barrier on the surface of the cooking oil.

–Extremely effective for Class “B” fires

–Somewhat effective for Class “A” fires

–No reflash protection

• –Hazards
• High velocity discharge

–Extremely noisy

–Local turbulence

• –Frostbite
• Toxic decomposition

AFFF/PKP, Water fog, Halon, most effective agents

Use water or AFFF to cool OTTO fuel below flash point (2650F) by sweeping across the top of burning fuel with narrow fog pattern. Both water and AFFF are lighter than OTTO fuel and will f

Published as an enclosure to section 4 of SURFOR Repair Party Manual or as a ship's instruction.

• 2 Personnel with FFE/SCBA/NFTI
• Portable AFFF extinguisher

• Discharge second shot of Halon (if installed).
• If effective, follow “agent effective” procedures
• Enter as soon as possible after the space is evacuated and mechanically isolated.
• Electrical isolation (except lighting) is an ongoing process and should not delay space re-entry.

• Wait at least 15 minutes for Halon soak time
• Activate Exhaust ventilation for minimum of 15 min for space cooling.
• Warmest part of the space is likely to be overhead.