Anatomy and Physiology

  1. Define Medial
    Toward the mid-line of the body
  2. Define lateral
    Toward the outside of the body
  3. Define superior
    Toward the head
  4. Define inferior
    Opposite to the head
  5. Define posterior
    Toward the back
  6. Define anterior
    Toward the belly
  7. Define distal
    (Limbs only) Away from the origin of the body.
  8. Define proximal
    (Limbs only) closer to the mid-line of the body
  9. Define Superficial
    Closer to the outer surface
  10. Define deep
    far away from the outer surface
  11. Define ventral
    (4 legged animals) toward the belly
  12. Define dorsal
    (4 legged animals) toward the back
  13. Define crainal
    (4 legged animals) toward the head
  14. Define caudal
    (4 legged animals) opposite of head
  15. Mid-sagittal (median) planes
    Separates down the mid-line
  16. Sagittal planes
    Separates left from right
  17. Transverse plane
    Separates top from bottom
  18. Frontal plane
    Separates front from back
  19. Explain the organization of the body from the simplest to most complex.
    Chemical - Cellular - Tissue - Organ - Organ system - Organism
  20. Define Metabolism
    To transform energy into usable form
  21. Define the negative feedback loop
    A stimulus produces a response and the response reduces the stimulus
  22. Define the positive feedback loop
    A response enhances the original stimulus so that the activity is accelerated
  23. Define homeostasis
    Maintaining an equilibrium inside the body
  24. Define systemic anatomy
    Study of entire areas
  25. Define regional anatomy
    Study of certain areas
  26. Complementary of structure and function
    Form fits function
  27. Define pathology
    Study of disease
  28. Define gross anatomy
    The study of body parts and the body as a whole
  29. Define microscopic anatomy
    The study of things that can't be scene by the naked eye
  30. Define cytology
    Study of cells
  31. Define histology
    Study of tissues
  32. How does your body handle high blood sugar?
    The pancreas releases insulin then the insulin either goes to the liver or target cells to lower blood sugar
  33. How does your body handle low blood sugar?
    The pancreas releases glucagon then the glucagon goes to the liver and the liver transforms glycogen into glucose which is released to the rest of the body which raises blood sugar.
  34. Name the 12 body systems
    • Cardiovascular (Circulatory) system
    • Respitory system
    • Integumentary system
    • Skeletal system
    • Muscular system
    • Digestive system
    • Urinary (excretory) system
    • Reproductive system
    • Lymphatic system
    • Endocrine system
    • Nervous system
    • Immune system
  35. Name the 2 different types of cells
    Eukaryote and prokaryotic
  36. Differentiate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
    • Prokaryotes: Only a contains a loop of DNA and protein coat.
    • Eukaryote: Organized nucleus
    • membrane bound organelles
  37. List the two kingdoms made up of prokaryotes
    Eubacteria and archaebacterial
  38. What is the meaning of eubacteria
    True bacteria
  39. What is the meaning archaebacteria
    Ancient bacteria
  40. What shape is coccus
    Round
  41. What shape is bacillus
    Egged shaped
  42. What is a diplo arrangement?
    2 attached
  43. What is a strepto arrangement?
    String of attachments
  44. What is a staphlo arrangement?
    Stack
  45. What kind of membrane covers the organs
    Visceral
  46. What kind of membrane lines the cavity
    Parietal
Author
treats101
ID
334014
Card Set
Anatomy and Physiology
Description
Chapter 1
Updated