RAD 111

thyroid cartilage can be used to locate which vertebra

what vertebral level does the trachea begin

manubrial or suprasternal notch is at the level of what vertebra

xiphoid process corresponds to what vertebral interspace

foreign bodies are more likely to enter ________bronchus because of its more vertical position

4 organs located in mediastinum

which lung is shorter/which hemidiaphragm is normally positioned higher & why

trachea is located ______ to the esophagus

adam's apple

voice box

larynx is __________to the pharynx

cagelike structure suspended in hyoid bone

parts of larynx

breastbone

shoulder blade

collar bone

structure located proximal to the larynx which serves as a common passageway for both food & air

structure which acts as a lid to the larynx to prevent food from entering the respiratory system

double walled sac/lining that enclosed the each lungs

small air sacs located at the distal ends of the bronchi where O2 & CO2 are exchanged with the blood

how many ribs should be showing above the diaphragm on a good PA chest radiograph

3 reasons why chest radiographs should be taken in the erect position

why should chest radiograph be taken at 72" SID

how can rotation be determined on a lateral chest radiograph

how can rotation be determined on a PA chest radiograph

inhalation of foreign objects into the trachea

projection/position that show a small amount of fluid in the pleural cavity

phase of respiration when exposures for the lungs made to demonstrate largest area of lung structure

absence of spontaneous respiration

widespread narrowing of the airways develops because of an increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli/allergens

collarse of all or part of the lungs

splitting into 2 branches such as the trachea that branches into 2 bronchi

inflammation of the bronchi

radiogram obtained from bronchography

x-ray examination of the bronchi after they have been coated with a radiopaque substance

chronic condition of persistent obstruction of bronchial airflow

pattern of the body's response to some form of injury that cause deviation from or variation of normal condition. It may be hereditary or may result from a broad spectrum of traumatic, infectious, vascular, or metabolic processes presenting by a set of characteristics known as sign & symptoms

any foreign matter, such as blood clot or air bubble carried in the bloodstream

destructive & obstructive airway changes leading to an increase volume of air in the lungs

accumulation of blood & fluid in the pleural cavity between the parietal & visceral pleura usually the result of the trauma

breathing in of O2 into the lungs

breathing out of CO2 off the lungs

pertains to pathogenic or rapidly progressive condition; tending to become worse & to cause death

light, spongy, highly elastic substance that composed the lungs & are covered by a layer of serous membrane

study of diseases that can cause abnormalities in the structure or function of various organ systems

part of the thoracic cavity; a double-walled (fibroserous) sac that enclosed the heart & the roots of the great vessels

a serous membrane that lines the entire abdominal wall of the body & is reflected over the contained viscera

a delicate serous membrane enclosing the lung

covers the lungs, dipping into the fissures between the lobes

lines the chest wall, covers the diaphragm & reflects over the structures in the mediastinum

collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

inflammation of the pleura

acute infection in the lung parenchyma; caused by a variety of organisms, most commonly bacteria & viruses

presence of air in the intrapleural space, which disrupts the fluid bond between the pleurae

process of moving air into & out of the lungs; molecular exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide within the body’s tissues

chronic infection of the lung due to the tubercle bacillus; caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, a rod shaped bacterium with a protective waxy coat that permits it to live outside the body for a long time

Division of respiratory system

fibrous, muscular tube with 16-20 C-shaped cartilaginous rings; C6-T4,T5

T5; last tracheal cartilage & has a hooklike process which extends post. on its inferior surface

3 lobes, 2 deep fissures

2 lobes, single fissure

a depression that accommodates the bronchi, pulmonary blood vessels, lymph vessels, & nerves

a deep recesses of parietal pleura

topographic landmarks in respiratory system

area of the thorax bounded by the sternum anteriorly, the spine posteriorly, & the lungs laterally

primary control organ of the lymphatic system; responsible for producing the hormone thymosin (for the development & maturation of immune system)

part of the digestive canal that connects the pharynx with the stomach

extending from the pharynx to the stomach; lies just in front of the vertebral column, with its anterior surface in close relation to the trachea, aortic arch & heart

begin in C6-T4/T5; lies in the midline of the body anterior to the esophagus in the neck

parts of the bony thorax

placement of side markers for chest radiographs (lateral projection)

placement of side markers for chest radiographs (oblique projections)

correct breathing instructions for radiography of the chest

conditions for which inhalation & exhalation studies of the chest may be done

standard method of evaluating chest radiographs

importance of conforming to departmental routine for technique selection for chest radiographs

radiation protection methods that must be used for chest radiography & for documenting these steps

importance of shielding the abdomen of pregnant women for chest radiographs

chronic dilatation of the bronchi & bronchioles associated with secondary infection

a potentially fatal condition; by far the most common pathologic process involving the lungs of hospitalized patients

Blockage of a pulmonary artery by fat, air, tumor tissue, or a thrombus that usually arises from a peripheral vein (deep veins of the legs)

localized tissue death (necrosis) in a part of a lung caused by an obstruction of a pulmonary artery and interruption of the normal blood supply

projection that best demonstrates TB

projection that best demonstrates pleural effusion