Chapter 2

gland

fat

before, front

lower part of body, tail

head

cell

in, within, inside

out of, outside, away from

tissue

specialist

the science or study of

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

development, growth, formation

behind, toward the back

control, maintenance of a constant level

The body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion

The surgical removal of a gland

A malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue

A benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue

Abnormal softening of a gland

Abnormal hardening of a gland

A change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

The study of the structures of the body

A deviation from what is regarded as normal

Situated in front

The defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue

The spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids contaminated with blood

Toward the lower part of the body

Toward the head

A genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell

Any disease transmitted from one person to another either directly or by indirect contact with contaminated objects

An abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth

The material located within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus

Situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure

Back of the body or organ

Abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs

Referring to the ongoing presence of a disease, such as the common cold, within a population, group, or area

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

A sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area

The region located above the stomach

The study of the causes of diseases

Glands that secrete chemical substances into ducts leading either to other organs or out of the body

Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified

A pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene

A physician who specializes in the care of older people

A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing

The microscopic study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues

The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

The enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues

A general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of the cells in the tissues

The region of the abdomen that is located below the stomach

The incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells

Unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment

An illness without known cause

Illness caused by a living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria and viruses

Relating to the groin; refers to the entire lower portion of the abdomen including the groin

The direction toward or nearer the midline

The fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

The vertical plane that divides the body, from top to bottom, into equal left and right halves

A disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

A disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide

The space formed by the hip bones that contains the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems

The multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

Inflammation of the peritoneum

A genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing

The study of the functions of the body structures

Situated in back or on the back part of an organ

Situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

Located behind the peritoneum

Unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods of time through cell division

The cavity that surrounds and protects the heart and the lungs; also known as the chest cavity

The horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions

The pit in the center of the abdominal wall that marks where the umbilical cord was attached before birth

The spread of a disease due to the bite of a vector capable of transmitting that disease

Refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ