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For a child with Cystic Fibrosis, what time should CPT (chest physical therapy) begin each day?
30 min before breakfast
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What are some symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?
- dyspnea, wheezing
- salty tears, saliva, sweat
- distended abdomen
- barrel chest
- clubbing of fingers and toes
- large foul-smelling stool
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Expected nursing assessments of a newborn with suspected cystic fibrosis would include:
Observe frequency and nature of stools
meconium ileus - abnormally thick meconium caused by an absence of pancreatic enzymes that normally digest proteins make stool putty-like
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An abnormal opening between the right and left atria? Blood that already contains O2 is forced from the left atrium back to the right atrium
Atrial septal defect
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The most common heart anomaly. An opening between the right and left ventricles of the heart.
Ventricular septal defect
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Blood passing from the aorta (high pressure) into the pulmonary artery - causing oxygenated blood to recycle through the lungs, overburdening the pulmonary circulation making the heart pump harder.
Patent ductus arteriosus
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A tightening or narrowing of the aortic arch of the descending aorta. difference in B/P and pulses of upper and lower extremities - may develop later in childhood
Coarctation of aorta
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Four defects in one: Stenosis or narrowing of pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, aorta displacement (dextroposition), ventricular septal defect
Tetralogy of Fallot
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the tricuspid heart valve is missing or abnormally developed. The defect blocks blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
tricuspid atresia
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This results from a pituitary hypofunction that results in a decreased secretion of ADH
Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
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What are the S/S of diabetes insipidus?
- polyuria
- polydipsia
- enuresis
- insatiable thirst
- infants relieved with water not milk
- dehydration
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What is the treatment for diabetes insipidus
Daily hormone replacement of vasopressin
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What are the nursing interventions for diabetes insipidus?
- accurate I&O
- monitor for fluid overload
- seizure precautions
- administer ADH-antagonizing meds
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This disease results when glucose is unable to enter the cell and remains in the blood, causing hyperglycemia
Diabetes Mellitus I
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What is the treatment for Diabetes mellitus I?
Insulin
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What is the goal range of glucose for DMI?
80-120 mg/dL
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What are the causes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
- dehydration
- electolyte imbalance
- acidosis
- May lead to coma or death
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What are some signs of Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?
- affected leg shorter than other leg
- telescoping or piston mobility of joint
- trendelenburg sign
- greater trochanter is prominent and above line of iliac spine
- waddling gait
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This disease is a result of avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
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What are S/S of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
- limp
- soreness or stiffness
- limited ROM
- vague history of trauma
- pain
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This is a congenital neural tube defect characterized by malformation of the spinal cord
spina bifida
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This type of spina bifida in which the opening is small and there is no associated protrusion of structures
spina bifida occulta
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This type of spina bifida consists of the development of a cystic mass in the midline of the opening of the spine
spina bifida cystica meningocele
no neurologic deficits
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This type of spina bifida is more serious and a protrusion of the membranes and spinal cord
meningomyelocele
varying and serious degrees of neurologic deficit
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Why should honey corn syrup be avoided in infants?
botulism
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