cellular respiration

the process by which mitochondria release energy by breaking glucose and other food molecules in the presense of oxygen

C6H12O2 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

• converts glucose (6 oxygens) to pyruvic acid (3 oxygens)
• creates 2 ATP 
• wastes: CO2 
• high energy electrond are carried by NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to the ETC and chemiosmosis

• in aerobic respiration
• costs 2 ATP, creates 4 ATP, net gain of 2 ATP
• gives off CO2
• NADH and FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) carry electrons to the ETC and chemiosmosis

• makes about 34 ATP
• TOTAL ATP CREATED: 36 ATP

anaerobic resporation completely breaks down the molecules to obtain the maximum amount of energy, anaerobic respiration does not fully break down the molecules

• aerobic respiration requires oxygen, anaerobic respiration does not
• aerobic respiration produces 36 ATP, anaerobic respiration produces 2 ATP

• 1. glycolysis (2 ADP + 2 P --> ATP) (2 NAD+ --> 2NADH) created 2 pyruvic acid 
• 2. pyruvic acid becomes lactic acid (2 NADH + 2H+ --> 2 NAD+) 
• ** occurs in fatigued animal muscle and some bacteria

• 1. glycolysis (2 ADP + 2 P --> ATP) (2 NAD+ --> 2NADH) created 2 pyruvic acid 
• 2. pyruvic acid becomes 2 ethanol (2 NADH + 2H+ --> 2 NAD+) (CO2 is released) 
• ** occurs in yeast, release of CO2 causes bread to rise