1.In general, which of these factors plays a role in making it easier to attain toxicity with fat-soluble vitamins than with water-soluble vitamins?
D. fat-soluble
vitamins are stored in fat while water-soluble vitamins aren't AND
fat-soluble vitamins are less readily excreted than are water-soluble
vitamins
2.In what way do vitamins differ from the carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
D. vitamins are needed in smaller amounts and contain no
3.Which of these is a vitamin A precursor (provitamin)?
D. beta-carotene
4.Which of these is a non-dietary source of vitamin D?
A. synthesis from intestinal bacteria
B.synthesis from the sun
C.intrinsic factor
D.tryptophan synt
5.Which of these symbols on a supplement indicate that the supplement contains the nutrients stated on the packaging and that the nutrient will dissolve (so it can be absorbed) in the digestive tract?
A.DSHEA
B.FDA
C.ADA
D.USP
A.DSHEA
B.FDA
C.ADA
D.USP
6.Xerophthalmia is the hardening of the cornea that can lead to blindness. What vitamin deficiency hesiswill cause this?
A.vitamin D
B.thiamin
C.vitamin A
D.niacin
A.vitamin D
B.thiamin
C.vitamin A
D.niacin
7.Which of these is the best dietary source of vitamin E?
A. red meat
B.oils
C.liver
D.apples
E.leafy greens
8.Which vitamin helps to synthesize proteins for blood clotting and also is important for the synthesis of bone protein?
A.vitamin C
B.folic acid
C.vitamin K
D.riboflavin
E.vitamin B6
A.vitamin C
B.folic acid
C.vitamin K
D.riboflavin
E.vitamin B6
9.Which of these foods is a major dietary source of vitamin K?
A.leafy green vegetables
B.nuts
C.pork
D.orange juice
E.legumes
A.leafy green vegetables
B.nuts
C.pork
D.orange juice
E.legumes
10.The fat soluble vitamins are: vitamin D, vitamin E, _____ and _____.
A.vitamins B and C
B.vitamins B12 and B 6
C.thiamin and vitamin A
D.vitamins C and K
E.vitamins A and K
A.vitamins B and C
B.vitamins B12 and B 6
C.thiamin and vitamin A
D.vitamins C and K
E.vitamins A and K
11.What name is given to a vitamin C deficiency?
A.beriberi
B.pellagra
C.scurvy
D.ariboflavinosis
E.ascorbic
A.beriberi
B.pellagra
C.scurvy
D.ariboflavinosis
E.ascorbic
12.What is a coenzyme?
A.it is the functional site of an enzyme
B.it is the site on an enzyme where the chemical reaction occurs
C.it is the wheels on a car
D.it is a molecule that combines with, and activates, an enzyme
E.it is a compound that speeds up the rate at which a reaction occurs\
A.it is the functional site of an enzyme
B.it is the site on an enzyme where the chemical reaction occurs
C.it is the wheels on a car
D.it is a molecule that combines with, and activates, an enzyme
E.it is a compound that speeds up the rate at which a reaction occurs\
13.Which of these is a major function of the B vitamins?
A.serve as antioxidants
B.important for bone mineralization
C.red blood cell synthesis
D.part of coenzymes that play a role in energy metabolism
E.conversion of tryptophan to niacin
A.serve as antioxidants
B.important for bone mineralization
C.red blood cell synthesis
D.part of coenzymes that play a role in energy metabolism
E.conversion of tryptophan to niacin
14.Which of these foods contributes the most to dietary riboflavin?
A.milk and milk products
B.fruits
C.leafy green vegetables
D.beef
E.conversion form tryptophan
A.milk and milk products
B.fruits
C.leafy green vegetables
D.beef
E.conversion form tryptophan
15.Which of these vitamins plays a role in energy metabolism?
A.riboflavin
B.vitamin A
C.vitamin B 12
D.vitamin B 6
E.folate
A.riboflavin
B.vitamin A
C.vitamin B 12
D.vitamin B 6
E.folate
16.Which of these is NOT a symptom of pellagra?
A.diarrhea
B.dermatitis
C.diverticula
D.dementia
E.death
A.diarrhea
B.dermatitis
C.diverticula
D.dementia
E.death
17.Why are dietary recommendations for niacin given as niacin equivalents?
C. the body can convert dietary fatty acids into niacin
B.the body can convert dietary tryptophan into niacin
C.the body can convert phenylalanine into niacin
D.the body can convert dietary pyridoxal into niacin
E.the body can convert dietary intrinsic factor into niacin
18.Which of these coenzymes plays a role in the synthesis of DNA?
A.riboflavin
B.thiamin
C.niacin
D.biotin
E.folate
A.riboflavin
B.thiamin
C.niacin
D.biotin
E.folate
19.Of all the vitamins, which is the most likely to interact with medications?
A.folate
B.thiamin
C.riboflavin
D.vitamin B 6
E.niacin
A.folate
B.thiamin
C.riboflavin
D.vitamin B 6
E.niacin
20.Which vitamin is involved in both new cell synthesis and the maintenance of nerve cells?
A.vitamin C
B.riboflavin
C.vitamin B 12
D.thiamin
E.niacin
A.vitamin C
B.riboflavin
C.vitamin B 12
D.thiamin
E.niacin
21.Which vitamin requires stomach acidity and intrinsic factor in order to be absorbed?
A.folate
B.thiamin
C.biotin
D.vitamin B 12
E.riboflavin
A.folate
B.thiamin
C.biotin
D.vitamin B 12
E.riboflavin
22.Beriberi is caused by a ____ deficiency.
A.vitamin A
B.riboflavin
C.thiamin
D.vitamin B 6
E.pantothenic acid
A.vitamin A
B.riboflavin
C.thiamin
D.vitamin B 6
E.pantothenic acid
23.High levels of homocysteine correlate with ________.
A.folate toxicity
B.vitamin B 12
C.vitamin B 6
D.an increased risk of CVD
E.an increased risk of cancer
A.folate toxicity
B.vitamin B 12
C.vitamin B 6
D.an increased risk of CVD
E.an increased risk of cancer
24.Which of these individuals is LEAST likely to benefit from taking a vitamin supplement?
A.elderly individuals
B.newborns
C.vegetarians
D.drug addicts
E.healthy middle-aged males
A.elderly individuals
B.newborns
C.vegetarians
D.drug addicts
E.healthy middle-aged males
25.Which of these vitamins play a major role as antioxidants?
A.beta carotene
B.vitamin C
C.vitamins E
D.all of the above
A.beta carotene
B.vitamin C
C.vitamins E
D.all of the above
26.Rickets and osteomalacia are caused by a _____ deficiency.
A.vitamin D
B.vitamin
C.folic acid
D.vitamin E
