-
-
xylem
vascular tissue that moves water through roots to leaves, dead upon maturity, composed of tracheids (found in vascular plants)
-
phloem
vascular tissue that moves sugar, alive upon maturity, composed of sieve tubes
-
parenchyma
- plant cell that are thin, flexible, leaf specialized
- have a large central vacuole, involved in metabolic functions & photosynthesis
- retain the ability to divide and differentiate into other cell types
-
collenchyma
- plant cell that are grouped into strands or cylinders, flexible, has a thicker wall
- help to support a growing shoot & give it structure
-
sclerenchyma
- plant cell that has a primary wall & secondary wall (has a additional polymer called lignin)
- sclereid cells that have short fibers that help to make the "hardness" in nuts and skins of fruits
-
monocot roots
vascular cylinder with a core of parenchyma surrounded by a ring of alternating xylem and phloem
-
eudicot roots
The stele is a vascular cynlinder consisting of a lobed core of xylem with phloem between the lobes
-
Plants have __ growth
un-determinate (does not stop growing)
-
primary growth
- growing lengthwise (longer)
- From the apical meristem (totipotent cells), there is the zone of division (hyperplasia), zone of elongation (hypertrophy), and zone of maturation
-
root cap
protects primary growth
-
vascular cambium
- divides the xylem from the phloem
- composed of stem cells
- (phloem on inside, xylem on outside)
-
secondary growth
- increasing in girth
-
monocot stems
vascular bundles scattered throughout the ground tissue. Ground tissue is not partitioned into pith and cortex
-
eudicot stems
(sunflower) with vascular bundles forming a ring. Ground tissue toward the inside is called pith and ground tissue toward the outside is called cortex
-
phase changes as meristem matures
- doubly compound when young
- simple leaves at adult phase
-
sepals
- protects developing bud
- gene A
-
petals
- modified leaves that attract pollinators
- gene A + B
-
stamens
- male parts (where pollen is located)
- gene B + C
-
carpels
- female parts: includes stigma (where pollen sticks), style, and ovary
- Multiple carpels are called pistils
- gene C
-
A mutant flower lacking gene A will lack __
- sepals & petals
- (will still have both male & female parts)
-
A mutant flower lacking gene B will lack __
petals & stamens (male parts)
-
A mutant flower lacking gene C will lack __
stamens & carpels (male & female parts)
|
|
