Micro Test 1

The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following except
A. Fe3+
B. NH4
C. CH4
D. H2
E. O2

The first person to visualize individual microbes was:
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Lady Montagu
C. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D. Edward Jenner
E. Robert Hooke

Which of the following can safely be ingested to fight bacterial infections?
A. disinfectants
B. chlorine
C. antiseptics
D. antibiotics
E. phenol

Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
A. photosynthetic algae
B. viruses
C. archaea
D. cyanobacteria
E. protists

Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
A. amino acids
B. RNA
C. protein
D. carbohydrates
E. DNA

How is most sterilization performed for the controlled study of microbes?
A. autoclaving
B. boiling
C. pasteurization
D. filter sterilization
E. irradiation

Which of the following statements regarding viruses is FALSE?
A. Viral particles, when pure enough, can be crystallized
B. Their genomes could be composed of DNA or RNA
C. They are too small to be seen by a light microscope
D. They are "filterable agents" that can pass through porcelain filters having a pore size that block microbes
E. They are smaller than viroids and prions

The genetic expression machinery of archaea is most similar to:
A. bacteria
B. prokaryotes
C. eukaryotes
D. fungi
E. mitochondria

The first genomes to be sequenced were those of:
A. viruses
B. bacteria
C. fungi
D. humans
E. prions

Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
A. bacteria
B. protists
C. archaea
D. prions
E. viruses

Which scientist developed the concept of medical statistics?
A. Francis Crick
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Edward Jenner
D. Florence Nightingale
E. Alexander Fleming

The first person to visualize individual microbes was:
A.  Robert Hooke
B. Edward Jenner
C.  Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
D. Louis Pasteur
E.  Lady Montagu

Which of the following does NOT contain DNA or RNA?
A. prion
B. prokaryote
C. viroid
D. virus
E. eukaryote

Which types of compounds have a strong tendency to accept electrons?
A. reduced
B. neutrons
C. oxidized
D. protons
E. neutral

How did Sergei Winogradsky grow lithotrophs?
A. chain of infection
B. endosymbiosis
C. aseptic technique
D. enrichment culture
E. pure culture

Carl Woese's discovery replaced the classification scheme of five kingdoms with a scheme of three:
A. domains
B. phyla
C. classes
D. orders
E. genera

How are microbes classified today?
A. microscopy
B. DNA sequencing
C. comparative genomics
D. rRNA sequencing
E. X-ray diffraction

What is used to focus the beam of electrons in an electron microscope?
A. glass
B. condenser lense
C. X-ray diffraction
D. light rays
E. electromagnets

The X-ray diffraction studies by which of the following scientists concluded that DNA was a double helix?
A. Rosalind Franklin
B. James Watson
C. Francis Crick
D. Kary Mullis
E. Maurice Wilkins

The study of and cause of disease in humans, animals, and plants is called:
A. phylogeny
B. forensics
C. epidemiology
D. genomics
E. microbioogy

Which scientist observed microbes and coined the term "small animals?"
A. Gram
B. Jenner
C. Hooke
D. Fleming
E. van Leeuwenhoek