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Non-polar, non-aromatic
- Glycine
- Alanine
- Valine
- Leucine
- Isoleucine
- Methionone
- Proline
Aromatic
- Typtophan
- Phenylalanine
- Tyrosine
Polar
- Serine
- Treonine
- Asparagine
- Gutamine
- Cysteine
Negatively charged (acidic)
- aspartic acid
- glutamic acid
Positively charged (basic)
- Lysine
- Arginine
- Histidine
Amino Acids are Amphoteric
- Low pH: protonated
- Neutral pH: zwitterion
- High pH: deprotonated
Ligases

Join large molecules together, often same type
Isomerases

Catalyze interconversion of isomers
Lyases

Catalyze cleavage without addition of water and without transfer of electrons. Reverse is synthesis.
Hydrolases

Catalyze cleavage with addition of water
Oxidoreductases

Catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions
Transferases

Move functional groups between molecules
Competitive Binding
- Active site
- Increases Km
- No change Vmax
Noncompetitive Binding
- Allosteric site
- No change in Km
- Decrease Vmax
Mixed Binding
- Allosteric site
- Increase or Decrease Km
- Decrease Vmax
Uncompetitive Binding
- Allosteric site
- Decreases Km
- Decreases Vmax
Purines (larger)

Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines (smaller)
- Cytosine
- Uracil
- Thymine
Unwinding DNA double helix

Helicase
Synthesis of RNA primers

Primase
Synthesis of DNA
- DNA Polym 3 (prokaryotes)
- DNA polymerase
Removal of RNA primers
- DNA polymerase 1 (prokaryotes)
- RNase H (eukaryotes)
Replacement of RNA with DNA
- DNA polymerase 1 (prokaryotes)
- DNA polym (euk)
Joining Okazaki fragments

DNA ligase
Synthesis of telomeres

Telomerase (euks only)

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Author

Anonymous

331062

Card Set

Biochem

Description

Amino Acids

Updated

2017-05-03T01:20:16Z

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