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Non-polar, non-aromatic
Glycine
Alanine
Valine
Leucine
Isoleucine
Methionone
Proline
Aromatic
Typtophan
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Polar
Serine
Treonine
Asparagine
Gutamine
Cysteine
Negatively charged (acidic)
aspartic acid
glutamic acid
Positively charged (basic)
Lysine
Arginine
Histidine
Amino Acids are Amphoteric
Low pH
: protonated
Neutral pH
: zwitterion
High pH
: deprotonated
Ligases
Join large molecules together, often same type
Isomerases
Catalyze interconversion of isomers
Lyases
Catalyze cleavage without addition of water and without transfer of electrons. Reverse is synthesis.
Hydrolases
Catalyze cleavage with addition of water
Oxidoreductases
Catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions
Transferases
Move functional groups between molecules
Competitive Binding
Active site
Increases Km
No change Vmax
Noncompetitive Binding
Allosteric site
No change in Km
Decrease Vmax
Mixed Binding
Allosteric site
Increase or Decrease Km
Decrease Vmax
Uncompetitive Binding
Allosteric site
Decreases Km
Decreases Vmax
Purines (larger)
Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines (smaller)
Cytosine
Uracil
Thymine
Unwinding DNA double helix
Helicase
Synthesis of RNA primers
Primase
Synthesis of DNA
DNA Polym 3 (prokaryotes)
DNA polymerase
Removal of RNA primers
DNA polymerase 1 (prokaryotes)
RNase H (eukaryotes)
Replacement of RNA with DNA
DNA polymerase 1 (prokaryotes)
DNA polym (euk)
Joining Okazaki fragments
DNA ligase
Synthesis of telomeres
Telomerase (euks only)
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Author
Anonymous
ID
331062
Card Set
Biochem
Description
Amino Acids
Updated
2017-05-03T01:20:16Z
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