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Final - Chapter 36 - Anti-fungals
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Name common drugs used for systemic fungal infections:
nystatin
diflucan
amphotericin B
What are the
serious adverse effects
of amphotericin b?
agranulocytosis
nephrotoxicity (80% of pts)
ototoxicity
hepatotoxicity
cardiotoxicity
Labs to monitor amphotericin b:
BMP (electrolytes)
BUN
LFT's
CBC
What is the mechanism of action of amphotericin b (Fungizone)?
fungal-cell membrane
What are the adverse effects at the beginning of amphotericin b (Fungizone) treatment?
fever
chills
vomiting
HA
What is the mechanism of action of fluconazole (Diflucan)?
interferes with synthesis of ergosterol
What are the adverse effects of fluconazole (Diflucan)?
FEW
N/V/D
hepatotoxicity
What are the adverse effects of topical antifungals?
no serious side effects
pruritis
stinging
What are the adverse effects of IV azole antifungals?
fever
chills
rash
N/V/D
hepatotoxicity
anaphylaxis
blood dyscrasias
What are the adverse effects of ketoconazole?
fever
chills
N/V/D
abd pain
hepatotoxicity
blood dyscrasias
anaphylaxis
nephrotoxicity
ototoxicity
What forms are ketoconazole available?
oral
topical
NO IV
What is the mechanism of action of metronidazole (Flagyl)?
disrupts nucleic acid synthesis
antiprotazoal drugÂ
also has ABX activity against anaerobic bacteria
What are the adverse effects of metronidazole (Flagyl)?
NO ETOH (hepatotoxicity)
leukopenia
N/V/D
dizziness
disulfiram (unpleasant reaction to alcohol)
anorexia
HA
metallic taste
turns urine brown
What is the mechanism of action of mebendazole (Vermox)?
broad spectrum antihelminthic drug
What are the adverse effects of mebendazole (Vermox)?
abd pain
distension
diarrhea
What is the mechanism of action of chloroquine (Aralen)?
concentrates in food vacuoles of Plasmodium residing in RBC's
What are the adverse effects of chloroquine (Aralen)?
few at low doses
N/D
CNS and cardio toxicity at higher doses
What are the critical BUN and creatinine numbers to hold amphotericin B?
BUN >40mg/dl
Creatinine >3mg/dl
Why push oral fluids with Amphotericin B?
prevent renal impairment
Name S/S of hepatotoxicity
dark urine
light stools
jaundice
what are the disadvantages of using fluconazole (Diflucan)?
narrow specturm - candida albicans only
What are the "azole" drugs specific for?
systemic
cutaneous
superficial fungal infections
What population are the "azoles" contraindicated in?
ETOH - toxic to liver
What is the correct way to take nystatin for oral thrush?
swish the liquid orally and swallow
What are the signs of protozoan (amoebas) infections?
diarrhea (think dysentery)
Which drug do you have to skip happy hour?
flagyl
What are the adverse effects of antihelminthic (worms) drugs (Vermox)?
as worms die, abdominal pain
distension
diarrhea
What is the dosing of Vermox?
one treatment
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Author
cbennett
ID
330699
Card Set
Final - Chapter 36 - Anti-fungals
Description
Final - Chapter 36 - Anti-fungals
Updated
2017-04-25T03:33:35Z
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