abx 2

  1. What and why are Beta lactamase inhibitors combined with?
    Combined with Penicillinase sensitive PCN (amoxicillin, ampicillin) that couldn't have been given to beta lactamase bacteria like S. aureus
  2. What bacteria are cephalosporins used to treat?
    E. coli (1st), gonorrhoeae (2nd), Streptococci, staphylocci (4th)
  3. What are s/e of Cephalosporins? 2, (3 with high doses)
    • Pruritus (itching), GI distress
    • HD: increased bleeding, seizures, neprhotoxicity (kidneys)
  4. What are drug interactions with cephalasporins and alcohol?
    flushing, dizziness, n/v, cramps
  5. Glycopeptides (vancomycin, Televancin) are to treat serious infections of...
    Bone, skin, lower resp. tract
  6. These two glycopeptides are used to treat VREF and MRSA. Which one is used for which?

    1. Quinupristin
    2. Telavancin
    • 1. VREF
    • 2. MRSA
  7. What are s/e of vanco (glycopeptide)? 
    What s/e if given too rapidly? 

    2
    • too rapid: red neck and Severe hypotension
    • Ototoxicity
    • Nephrotoxicity
    • Steven-Johnson syndrome (similar to second degree burn all over body)
  8. Vanco (glycopeptide) is to be given over how many hours IV?
    1-2 hours
  9. What will you monitor for when a pt. is on vanco (glycopeptide)? 4-5
    • BP
    • IV site
    • Renal fxn and hearing
    • Superinfection
  10. T or F: Erythromycin (Macrolide) is a broad spectrum
    True
  11. Erythromycin is a:


    B.
  12. Erythromycin: Macrolides are used to treat
    • moderate to severe infections
    • resp, GI
    • skin, soft tissue
    • STD
    • Legionnaire's
  13. What are s/e of Erythromycin (macrolide) 4
    • Tinnitus
    • GI distress
    • Superinfection
    • Hepatotoxicity (Liver)
  14. Will Erythromycin (macrolides) increase or decrease levels of warfarin, theophyline, and carbamazepine?
    Increase
  15. Will Fluconazole (diflucan) increase or decrease erythromycin (macrolide)?
    Increase
  16. What are cardiac s/e of Erythromycin (Macrolide)?
    Prolong QT interval, risk of sudden cardiac death
  17. Telithromycin (Ketolides) are used to treat...
    • Resp:
    • Acute bacterial bronchitis
    • acute bacterial sinusitis
    • CAP
  18. What are s/e of Telithromycin (Ketolides)? 3
    • visual disturbances
    • GI distress (constipation)
    • Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis
  19. Clindamycin (Lincosamide) are used for what?
    MRSA
  20. What are 3 s/e of Clindamycin (Lincosamide)?
    • rash
    • Colitis
    • Anaphylactic shock
  21. Kaolin and pectin will increase/decrease Clindamycin (Lincosamide)?
    decrease
  22. Tetracyclines are broad/narrow?
    Broad
  23. List s/e of Tetracyclines 6
    • Photosensitivity
    • discoloration of teeth
    • stomatitis (GI distress)
    • Blood dyscrasia
    • Superinfection
    • Hepatoxicity and nephrotoxicity
  24. Which abx invalidates birth control pills?
    Tetracycline
  25. Which abx increases dig?
    Tetracycline
  26. What is the name of the synthetic analogue of tetracycline which is used for complicated skin infections and intraabdominal infections?
    Tigecycline (Glycylcycline)
  27. A patient is taking an aminoglycoside (Amikacin, Gentamacin) for gram -, e.coli, etc. What are the 4 s/e to be aware of?
    • Photosensitivity
    • Nephrotoxicity (Kidney)
    • Ototoxicity
    • Superinfection
  28. PCNs will increase/decrease Aminoglycosides
    decrease
  29. Chloramphenicol is a broad/narrow
    Broad
  30. This abx is not used a lot since it kills off host in addition to bacteria. (hint: broad)
    Chloramphenicol
  31. Chloramphenicol is an abx only used if lesser toxicity drugs won't work. What mitochondrial effects will it have on the body? 3
    • Bone marrow suppression
    • anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytoenia
    • aplastic anemia (can be fatal)
  32. UTI, CAP, lower resp. tract, skin/joint/bone infections, etc. can be treated using...
    • Fluoroquinolones
    •  - cipro
    •  - norfloxacin
    •  - levofloxacin
    •  - moxifloxacin
  33. Flourinolones, used to treat UTI and other skin/bone/resp infections, ends with the suffix...
    -floxacin
  34. Metronidazole (Glagyll) is technically an antifungal. What GI dz is it used to treat?
    c.diff, gardnerella, peptococcus
  35. Lipopeptides disrupts cell membranes. What will this cause to the patient's body?
    Muscle injury, increased CPK and K+ leaking from cells
Author
edeleon
ID
330612
Card Set
abx 2
Description
concised
Updated