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a vibration that propagates as typically audible mechanical wave of pressure and displacement, through a medium such as air or water
the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain
sound
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science that deals with the study of mechanical waves in gases, liquids and solids including vibration, sound, infrasound and ultrasound
acoustics
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an _____ should be involved with the design of a theatre so people are able to hear
acoustical engineer
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an _______ is involved with the recording, manipulation, mixing and reproduction of sound
audio engineer
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what is the speed of sound affected by?
- materials
- temperature
- density
- altitude
-
what happens when were hear sound?
- drum is struck
- compression wave is generated
- travels until it hits receptor- the ear
- neurological impulse sent to the brain
-
rate at which an object vibrates
measured in cycles per second
measured in hertz
humans hear between 20 and 20,000 Hertz
frequency
-
tone produced by a vibrating body
the more vibrations or cycles per second the higher it is
pitch
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measurable quality of the power of sound
expressed in decibels
intensity
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a person's perception of sound intensity
loudness
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ratio comparing two sound levels
measurement of the sound waves in the air
hurt your hearing
measurement of the electronic signals that represent sound waves
decibel
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originally conceived as 1/10th of a Bell (first unit for sound pressure)
-
time it takes a sound to become inaudible
decay time
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creation of the 'aural environment' and the audience can hear
sound design
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who is on the sound team
- sound designer
- a1- production sound engineer
- a2- mic technician
- head sound engineer
-
provide designs for
prerecorded music
sound effects
reinforcement of live voices, musical instruments and sound elements
creates drawings for sound related elements
chooses audio technology that will be used in the show
set sound cues
the sound designer
-
runs the sound console during the production
mixes all the electronic sound elements into a perfect blend
a1- production sound engineers
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handles all sound issues backstage
places mics, sets up mics, troubleshoots
might also sub-mix the orchestra
a2- mic technician
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supervises the sound crew who installs the sound system
ensures the systems are functioning properly as designed
head sound engineer
-
music
underscoring
pre-show, post-show
intermission
sound scoring
-
include all electrical sound effects that the designer is responsible for creating, mixing, finding, etc
sound fx
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acquiring the music and sound effects
setting levels
writing cues with the design team
scoring tasks
-
blending of aural images into an overall element
composing all the music and sound FX
blending the proper pitch, frequency, rhythm, tempo and loudness
sound scape
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"use of the sound system to amplify and process the voices of the actors, singers, orchestra, prerecorded music and sound effects"
sound reinforcement
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the audience should be unaware that a sound system is being used
transparency
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two tasks of reinforcement
- balance the loudness of the vocals, orchestra, and scored sound so the actor can always be heard
- strengthen the vocals of a weaker actor
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