Adolescent Nutrition

The struggle for independence in adolescence can lead to these health-compromising eating behaviors (4)

Adolescence in the period of life between ages

When does puberty occur?

What are the four biological changes that happen during puberty

Sexual maturation (or biological age), not ____ ____, should be used to assess growth and development and individual nutritional needs

Scale of secondary sex characteristics that allows health professionals to assess the degree of pubertal maturation amount adolescents regardless of chronological age

scale for prepubertal growth and devleopment

scale occurrences of puberty (enlargement of testes, penis, breasts, public and facial hair)

sexual maturation has concluded

Age of first signs of puberty in females

When does menarche occur?

early onset of menarche is 4x more likely among girls with ______ and _____

age of peak velocity of linear growth for females and males

What age does the linear growth spurt start in females?

during peak of growth spurt females gain _____ inches per year

Age of first signs of puberty in males

at peak, males will increase in height by ____ inches per year

Linear growth spots at what age for females and males

percentage of body fat required for menarche to occur

percentage of body fat required to maintain normal menstrual cycles

True/False: weight gain slows before menarche  and will gain more early and slow closer to menarche
True False

how much weight is gained during peak growth spurt for females?

Peak weight gain for males

In males, body fat decreased to

What are the three interactive levels of influence on adolescent eating behaviors

True/False: vegetarians have been found to be shorter and leaner than ominivores during childhood
True False

True/False: vegetarians begin puberty at a later age
True False

True/False: after puberty, are as tall or taller than omnivores and generally leaner
True False

Vegans have inadequate intakes of (8)

True/False: many adolescents have diets match the DGA and my plate rx
True False

Diets are low in ____ and high in ____ ___ and ____

intake of ____ is especially low

US adolescents have inadequate intake of these vitamins and minerals (10)

what makes up half of the vegetable intake?

True/False: adolescents have adequate intake of grains
True False

Nutrient recommendations based on _____ rather than biological development

what are energy needs based on (3):

Level of _____ declines during adolescence (mostly females) resulting in reduced energy requirements

DRI for protein at this age

Low protein intakes are linked to (3)

CHO requirement

fiber DRI for females:

Fiber DRI for males <14 years

fiber DRI older males

True/False: males and females consume the DRI for fiber
True False

Rx fat intake for males and females:

When is calcium absorption highest for females?

When is calcium absorption highest for males?

DRI for calcium ages 9-18

Three reasons why iron needs are increased

When are iron needs highest for females?

When are iron needs highest for males?

Iron in food is in the less available ferric state

iron in food is in the highly available ferrous state

DRI of folate for ages 9-13 years

DRI of folate for ages 14-18 years

Severe folate deficiency leads to

True/False: folic acid added to fortified foods is better absorbed than folate from natural foods
True False

Increased risk of folate deficiency if (2):

if adolescent is underweight (<5th percentile) look for?

If a child is over weight (85-94%tile) look for?

If obese (>95%tile) recommend

why should you target parents also in education?

Teens tend to eat what is _____ and ____

PA recommendations