Ch 11 Disorder and Diseases of the Skin

  1. the branch of medical science that studies and treats the skin and its disorders and dieases
    dermatology
  2. a physician who treats skin disorder and diseases
    dermatologist
  3. T or F? Estheticians can treat skin disorders and diseases
    False
  4. structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury
    lesions
  5. any mark, wound, or abnormality
    lesion
  6. What are the 3 types of lesions?
    primary, secondary, tertiary
  7. The 3 types of lesions are also referred to as...
    vascular lesions
  8. What kind of lesions involve the blood or circulatory system
    vascular
  9. lesions in the early stages of development or change
    primary lesions
  10. Lesions characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color or by elevations formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles or pustules
    primary lesions
  11. large blister containing watery fluid. It is similar to a vesicle, but larger
    Bulla
  12. A closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection or other matter above or below the skin.
    Cyst
  13. A flat spot or dicoloration on the skin, such as a freckle or a red spot, left after a pimple has healed
    macule
  14. Often referred to as tumors, but they are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections
    Nodules
  15. A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule
    Papule
  16. an inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus, a fluid consisting of white blood cells, bacteria, and other debris; a small pus-containing blister that may or may not be caused by an infection.
  17. Are acne pustules in hair follicles infectious?
    no
  18. Another name for Hives?
    Uticaria
  19. A skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
    Excoriation
  20. A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen)
    Keloid
  21. Excessive shedding of dead skin cells; flaky skin cells; any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily
    Scale
  22. The following are examples of a _____. Abnormal or excessive dandruff or psoriasis
    Scale
  23. When a ____ develops, the tissue hardens to heal the injury.
    scar
  24. Thick elevated scars are _______.
    hypertrophic
  25. Dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency; can be due to aging, internal disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure
    Asteatosis
  26. noninflamed buildup of cells, sebum and other debris inside follicles.
    comedo
  27. an open coemdo
    blackhead
  28. also known as a boil; A subcutaneous abscess filled with pus
    furuncle
  29. Bacteria in glands or hair follicles causes what skin disorder?
    furuncle
  30. Describe Milia
    epidermal cysts that are small, firm white papules
  31. Whitish, pearl-like masse sof sebum and dead cells under the skin with no visible opening often mistakenly called whiteheads. Hardened and closed over
    milia
  32. Which skin type does milia commonly take form on?
    dry skin
  33. Cause of milia?
    after skin trauma, such as laser resurfacing or chronic exposure to UV radiation
  34. What is the color of Sebaceous Hyperplasia?
    White, yellow, or flesh-colored
  35. Which glandular skin disorder is doughnut-shaped with an indentationin the center
    Sebaceous hyperplasia
  36. Sever oiliness of the skinl an abnormal secretion orm the sebaceous glands
    Seborrhea
  37. A condition characterized by inflammation, dry, or oily scaling or crusting, and/or itchiness
    Seborrheic dermatitis
  38. A sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum and ranging in size from a pea to an orange. Usually appears on the scalp, neck, and back; wen
    Steatoma
  39. A deficiency in perspiration due to failure of the sweat glands; often results from a fever or skin disease. Requires medical treatment
    Anhidrosis
  40. Foul-smelling perspiration, usually in the armpits or on the feet. Caused by bacteria and yeast that break down the sweat on the surface of the skin
    Bromhidrosis
  41. Hyperhydrosis
    Excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditons. Diaphoresis
  42. Prickly heat; Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands; results in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure
    Miliaria rubra
  43. Swelling from a fluid imbalance in the cells or from a response to injury, infection, or medication
    edema
  44. The medical term for itching; persistant itching
    Pruitis
  45. An itchy skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales; caused by an over-proliferation of skin cells that replicate too fast. It is usually found in patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back
    Psoriasis
  46. Hives; An allergic reaction by the body's histamine production
    Urticaria
  47. A vascular lesion; describes capillaries that have been damaged and are now larger, or distended blood vessels. Commonly called couperose skin and characterized by redness
    Telangiectasia
  48. Caustic substances are examples of ______
    irritants
  49. Why does swelling occur when the skin is damaged by irritating substances
    The immune system springs into action. It floods the tissue with water, trying to dilute the irritant.
  50. What is an example of technicians recieving a reaction to chemicals in the salon.
    Using a disinfectant or strong skin care products. This is both prolonged and repeated contact!
  51. What factor influences pigmentation disorders?
    A person's genetic background
  52. Abnormal pigmentation that can be caused by various internal and external factors.
    dyschromia
  53. What is the biggest external cause of pigmentation disorders and can make existing abnormalities
    sun exposure
  54. overproduction of pigment
    hyperpigmentation
  55. lack of pigment
    hypopigmentation
  56. What are the 2 types of pigmentation disorders?
    hypo and hyper pigmentation
  57. Substances that cause irritation on the skin are ....
    caustic
  58. Liver spots; Increased pigmentation: from sun exposure or pigmentation from other causes
    Chloasma
  59. Type of chloasma which appears during pregnancy
    Melasma
  60. A flat, pigmented area similar to a freckle; small, yellow-brown spots.
    Lentigo
  61. multiple freckles
    Lentigenes
  62. Lentigenes that result from sun exposure are called _______________
    actinic, or solar, lentigenes
  63. A term for hyperpigmentation triggered by hormonal changes, often during pregnancy or with birth control use
    Melasma
  64. birthmark; A malformation of the skin from abnormal pigmentation of dilated capillaries
    Nevus
  65. Abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape
    Stain
  66. A rare genetic condition characterized by the lack of melanin pigment in the body including the skin, hair, and eyes
    Albinism
  67. Loss of pigmentation; light, abnormal patches of depigmented skin; congenital, acquired due to immunological and post-inflammatory causes
    Leukoderma
  68. A pigmentation disease characterized by irregular patches of skin that are totally lacking pigment.
    Vitiligo
  69. What factors worsen Vitiligo?
    time and sunlight
  70. Congenital spotty hyperpigmentation
    Leukoderma
  71. An abnormal growth; many are benign, or harmless, however, some growths are premaligant or malignant and can be dangerous or cancerous.
    Hypertrophy
  72. Hypertrophic
    thickening of a tissue
  73. Pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough that are a result of sun damage and should be checked by a dermatologist
    Actinic Keratoses
  74. Wart; A hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus
    Verruca
  75. 2 other names for contagious disease
    infectious or communicable
  76. Pinkeye; Inflammation of the mucous membrane (conjunctiva) around the eye due to chemical, bacterial, or viral causes; very contagious; treated with antibiotics
    Conjunctivitis
  77. Fever blisters or cold sores; recurring viral infection
    Herpes simplex 1
  78. Shingles; A painful skin condition from the reactivation of the chickenpox virus
    Herpes Zoster
  79. A bacterial infection of the skin that often occur in childrenl characterized by clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions filled with bacteria. Extremely contagious
    Impetigo
  80. Ringworm; Highly contagious; it forms a ringed red pattern with elevated edges
    Tinea Corporis
  81. Verruca; a hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus
    Wart
  82. Pityriasis versicolor; Characterized by white, brown or salmon-colored flaky patches from the yeast on the skin
    Tinea Versicolor
  83. Skin cancer risk increases with cumulative....
    UV sun exposure
  84. How is the name of each type of skin cancer determined?
    type of cells that are affected
  85. Cause of skin cancer
    damage to DNA
  86. When do tumors form
    When cells begin to divide rapidly and unevenly
  87. Malignant
    cancerous
  88. What percentage of skin cancers are caused by sun exposure?
    more than 90%
  89. What percentage of the population uses sunscreen
    33%
  90. the most common and the least severe type of carcinoma
    Basal cell carcinoma
  91. Which type of carcinoma includes open sores, reddish patches, or a smooth growth with a elevated border
    Basal cell carcinoma
  92. a more serious condition than basal cell carcinoma. It is characterized by red or pink scaly papules or nodules
    Squamous cell carcinoma
  93. the most serious form of skin cancer. Black or dark patches on the skin that are usually uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. It can be tan or even white.
    Malignant melanoma
  94. ______ may have surface crust and beed. Many appear in preexisting moles. It is not always found on areas exposed to sunlight and is often found on feet, toes, backs, and legs
    Malignant melanoma
  95. ABCDE's of Melanoma Detection
    • Asymmetry: the two sides of the lesion are not indentaical
    • Border: the border is irregular on these lesions
    • Color: melanomas are usually dark and have more than once color or colors that fade into one another
    • Diameter: the lesion in a melanoma is usually at least the size of pencil eraser
    • Evolving: melanoma as a lesion often changes appearance
  96. a skin disorder of the sebaceous glands, is charcterized by comedones and blemishes and is hereditary. It is usually triggered by hormonal changes.
    Acne
  97. Causes of Acne
    • -Genetics/herditary
    • -Clogged Follicles
    • -Bacteria
    • -Triggers include hormones, stress, cosmetics, skin care products and foods
  98. Causes of Clogged follicles
    excess oil, retention hyperkeratosis, and sebaceous filaments
  99. the term for the entire follicle that includes the hair shaft , sebaceous gland, and the sebaceous duct or canal to the surface
    philosebaceous unit
  100. The opening of the follice
    ostium
  101. Pus
    debris caused by an infection
  102. What factors aggravate acne
    hormonal changes, stress, products, and certain foods
  103. Male hormones that stimulate sebaceous glands
    androgens
  104. Describe Grade III acne
    Red and inflamed, many comedones, papules, and pustules
  105. What effects does Grade IV acne have on the dermis
    causes depressed and raised scars
  106. Clindamycin
    Acne medication and topical antibiotic that kills bacteria; very drying
  107. Accutane
    not a peeling agent; can stay in the body up to 5 years; Can't wax/sugar client until 1 year of stop using
  108. How long until you can treat a client that uses Tretinoin (Retin-A)
    couple weeks
Author
Anonymous
ID
330443
Card Set
Ch 11 Disorder and Diseases of the Skin
Description
Amber created a set of cards about the disorders and diseases of the skin. Yay Amber
Updated