the branch of medical science that studies and treats the skin and its disorders and dieases
dermatology
a physician who treats skin disorder and diseases
dermatologist
T or F? Estheticians can treat skin disorders and diseases
False
structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury
lesions
any mark, wound, or abnormality
lesion
What are the 3 types of lesions?
primary, secondary, tertiary
The 3 types of lesions are also referred to as...
vascular lesions
What kind of lesions involve the blood or circulatory system
vascular
lesions in the early stages of development or change
primary lesions
Lesions characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color or by elevations formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles or pustules
primary lesions
large blister containing watery fluid. It is similar to a vesicle, but larger
Bulla
A closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection or other matter above or below the skin.
Cyst
A flat spot or dicoloration on the skin, such as a freckle or a red spot, left after a pimple has healed
macule
Often referred to as tumors, but they are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections
Nodules
A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule
Papule
an inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus, a fluid consisting of white blood cells, bacteria, and other debris; a small pus-containing blister that may or may not be caused by an infection.
Are acne pustules in hair follicles infectious?
no
Another name for Hives?
Uticaria
A skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
Excoriation
A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen)
Keloid
Excessive shedding of dead skin cells; flaky skin cells; any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily
Scale
The following are examples of a _____. Abnormal or excessive dandruff or psoriasis
Scale
When a ____ develops, the tissue hardens to heal the injury.
scar
Thick elevated scars are _______.
hypertrophic
Dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency; can be due to aging, internal disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure
Asteatosis
noninflamed buildup of cells, sebum and other debris inside follicles.
comedo
an open coemdo
blackhead
also known as a boil; A subcutaneous abscess filled with pus
furuncle
Bacteria in glands or hair follicles causes what skin disorder?
furuncle
Describe Milia
epidermal cysts that are small, firm white papules
Whitish, pearl-like masse sof sebum and dead cells under the skin with no visible opening often mistakenly called whiteheads. Hardened and closed over
milia
Which skin type does milia commonly take form on?
dry skin
Cause of milia?
after skin trauma, such as laser resurfacing or chronic exposure to UV radiation
What is the color of Sebaceous Hyperplasia?
White, yellow, or flesh-colored
Which glandular skin disorder is doughnut-shaped with an indentationin the center
Sebaceous hyperplasia
Sever oiliness of the skinl an abnormal secretion orm the sebaceous glands
Seborrhea
A condition characterized by inflammation, dry, or oily scaling or crusting, and/or itchiness
Seborrheic dermatitis
A sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum and ranging in size from a pea to an orange. Usually appears on the scalp, neck, and back; wen
Steatoma
A deficiency in perspiration due to failure of the sweat glands; often results from a fever or skin disease. Requires medical treatment
Anhidrosis
Foul-smelling perspiration, usually in the armpits or on the feet. Caused by bacteria and yeast that break down the sweat on the surface of the skin
Bromhidrosis
Hyperhydrosis
Excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditons. Diaphoresis
Prickly heat; Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands; results in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure
Miliaria rubra
Swelling from a fluid imbalance in the cells or from a response to injury, infection, or medication
edema
The medical term for itching; persistant itching
Pruitis
An itchy skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales; caused by an over-proliferation of skin cells that replicate too fast. It is usually found in patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back
Psoriasis
Hives; An allergic reaction by the body's histamine production
Urticaria
A vascular lesion; describes capillaries that have been damaged and are now larger, or distended blood vessels. Commonly called couperose skin and characterized by redness
Telangiectasia
Caustic substances are examples of ______
irritants
Why does swelling occur when the skin is damaged by irritating substances
The immune system springs into action. It floods the tissue with water, trying to dilute the irritant.
What is an example of technicians recieving a reaction to chemicals in the salon.
Using a disinfectant or strong skin care products. This is both prolonged and repeated contact!
What factor influences pigmentation disorders?
A person's genetic background
Abnormal pigmentation that can be caused by various internal and external factors.
dyschromia
What is the biggest external cause of pigmentation disorders and can make existing abnormalities
sun exposure
overproduction of pigment
hyperpigmentation
lack of pigment
hypopigmentation
What are the 2 types of pigmentation disorders?
hypo and hyper pigmentation
Substances that cause irritation on the skin are ....
caustic
Liver spots; Increased pigmentation: from sun exposure or pigmentation from other causes
Chloasma
Type of chloasma which appears during pregnancy
Melasma
A flat, pigmented area similar to a freckle; small, yellow-brown spots.
Lentigo
multiple freckles
Lentigenes
Lentigenes that result from sun exposure are called _______________
actinic, or solar, lentigenes
A term for hyperpigmentation triggered by hormonal changes, often during pregnancy or with birth control use
Melasma
birthmark; A malformation of the skin from abnormal pigmentation of dilated capillaries
Nevus
Abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape
Stain
A rare genetic condition characterized by the lack of melanin pigment in the body including the skin, hair, and eyes
Albinism
Loss of pigmentation; light, abnormal patches of depigmented skin; congenital, acquired due to immunological and post-inflammatory causes
Leukoderma
A pigmentation disease characterized by irregular patches of skin that are totally lacking pigment.
Vitiligo
What factors worsen Vitiligo?
time and sunlight
Congenital spotty hyperpigmentation
Leukoderma
An abnormal growth; many are benign, or harmless, however, some growths are premaligant or malignant and can be dangerous or cancerous.
Hypertrophy
Hypertrophic
thickening of a tissue
Pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough that are a result of sun damage and should be checked by a dermatologist
Actinic Keratoses
Wart; A hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus
Verruca
2 other names for contagious disease
infectious or communicable
Pinkeye; Inflammation of the mucous membrane (conjunctiva) around the eye due to chemical, bacterial, or viral causes; very contagious; treated with antibiotics
Conjunctivitis
Fever blisters or cold sores; recurring viral infection
Herpes simplex 1
Shingles; A painful skin condition from the reactivation of the chickenpox virus
Herpes Zoster
A bacterial infection of the skin that often occur in childrenl characterized by clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions filled with bacteria. Extremely contagious
Impetigo
Ringworm; Highly contagious; it forms a ringed red pattern with elevated edges
Tinea Corporis
Verruca; a hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus
Wart
Pityriasis versicolor; Characterized by white, brown or salmon-colored flaky patches from the yeast on the skin
Tinea Versicolor
Skin cancer risk increases with cumulative....
UV sun exposure
How is the name of each type of skin cancer determined?
type of cells that are affected
Cause of skin cancer
damage to DNA
When do tumors form
When cells begin to divide rapidly and unevenly
Malignant
cancerous
What percentage of skin cancers are caused by sun exposure?
more than 90%
What percentage of the population uses sunscreen
33%
the most common and the least severe type of carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Which type of carcinoma includes open sores, reddish patches, or a smooth growth with a elevated border
Basal cell carcinoma
a more serious condition than basal cell carcinoma. It is characterized by red or pink scaly papules or nodules
Squamous cell carcinoma
the most serious form of skin cancer. Black or dark patches on the skin that are usually uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. It can be tan or even white.
Malignant melanoma
______ may have surface crust and beed. Many appear in preexisting moles. It is not always found on areas exposed to sunlight and is often found on feet, toes, backs, and legs
Malignant melanoma
ABCDE's of Melanoma Detection
Asymmetry: the two sides of the lesion are not indentaical
Border: the border is irregular on these lesions
Color: melanomas are usually dark and have more than once color or colors that fade into one another
Diameter: the lesion in a melanoma is usually at least the size of pencil eraser
Evolving: melanoma as a lesion often changes appearance
a skin disorder of the sebaceous glands, is charcterized by comedones and blemishes and is hereditary. It is usually triggered by hormonal changes.
Acne
Causes of Acne
-Genetics/herditary
-Clogged Follicles
-Bacteria
-Triggers include hormones, stress, cosmetics, skin care products and foods
Causes of Clogged follicles
excess oil, retention hyperkeratosis, and sebaceous filaments
the term for the entire follicle that includes the hair shaft , sebaceous gland, and the sebaceous duct or canal to the surface
philosebaceous unit
The opening of the follice
ostium
Pus
debris caused by an infection
What factors aggravate acne
hormonal changes, stress, products, and certain foods
Male hormones that stimulate sebaceous glands
androgens
Describe Grade III acne
Red and inflamed, many comedones, papules, and pustules
What effects does Grade IV acne have on the dermis
causes depressed and raised scars
Clindamycin
Acne medication and topical antibiotic that kills bacteria; very drying
Accutane
not a peeling agent; can stay in the body up to 5 years; Can't wax/sugar client until 1 year of stop using
How long until you can treat a client that uses Tretinoin (Retin-A)
couple weeks
Author
Anonymous
ID
330443
Card Set
Ch 11 Disorder and Diseases of the Skin
Description
Amber created a set of cards about the disorders and diseases of the skin. Yay Amber