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Waxes
- Waxes
- Are Esters of long chain Fatty Acids and long alcohols.
- •Dagrees C= 100 < Mp > 37
- •Protective (fx) in fruits leaves
- •To deter insects, in animals, on flowers to repel H2O.
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Cephalins
Glycerophospholids found in brain and nerve tissues that incorpertate the amino alcohol serine or ethanolamime.
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Cholesterol
The most prevalent of the steriod compounds; needed for cellular membrains, the synthesis of vitamin D, hormons, and lite salts.
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Carboxylate part
Hydrophobic --> loves H2O
(used to break up grease gobuals for cleaning).
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Cell membrains
- Membrains are made up of a phospholipid bilayers studded with with protein.
- Polor heads ooooooooo
- Non-polor tails | | | | | | | | |
- (heads and rails are attached).
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Fat
A triacylglycerol obtained from an amimal source; usually a solid at RT (room temp).
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Fatty Acids or FA's
- •Contain an even # of C's (14-24).
- •Saturated FA's contain only single bonds.
- •Unsaturated Fatty Acids
- -->monosaturated: nuts, avocodos, olive oil,etc (1C=C)
- -->polyunsaturated: grains products, sea food, soybeans (2 or more C=C).
- -->most natural unsaturated FA's contain fish oil.
- ~The cis configuation
- (which gives the lower Mp)
- ~The trans configuration FA's
- (have trans. Comfiguration instead of cis)
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HDL
- High Density Lipoprotein
- (good cholesterol)
- ~high levels are better
- Avg man: 40-50 mg/dl
- Avg woman: 50-60 mgdl
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LDL
- Low Density Lipoprotein
- (bad cholesterol)
- Less then 100 mg/dl is optimal.
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Hydrocarbon part
Hydrophobic --> hates H2O
(used to break up grease gobuals for cleaning)
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Steroids
3-6 sided rings joined 1,5 sided ring
(steroids= sex hormons)
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Tricyclglycerals
Esters of the F.A. with glyceral.
- gly. | F.A.(14-24C)
- cer | F.A.(14-24C)
- Al. | F.A.(14-24C)
- If the F.A.'s are unsaturated => they are fats and solid at room temp.
- ~ if they are saturated
- => they are liquid at room temp.
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Lipids
- A family of compounds that is none polar in nature and NOT soluable in water, includes; fats, waxes, glycerophospholipids and steroids.
- -> are molecules attained from living cells.
- -> soluable in non polar solvents.
- -> Ex: cholestrol, hormons
- -> function of lipids
Also: energy storage- insulation, protection, emulsification.
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