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Carboxylic acid
A compound that has a carbonyl group bonded to an -OH group, RCOOH.
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Ester
A compound that has a carbonyl group bonded to an -OR group, RCOOR'.
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Amide
A compound that has a carbonyl group bonded to a nitrogen atom group, RCONR'2, where the R' groups may be alkyl groups or hydrogen atoms.
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Carbonyl-group substitution reaction
A reaction in which a new group replaces (substitutes for) a group attached to a carbonyl-group carbon.
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Acyl group
An RC=O group.
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Carboxyl group
The -COOH functional group.
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HCOOH
- Common name= Formic
- MP.(C) = 8
- BP.(C) = 101
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CH3COOH
- Common name= Acetic
- MP.(C) = 17
- BP.(C) = 118
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CH3CH2COOH
- Common name= Propionic
- MP.(C) = -22
- BP.(C) = 141
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CH3CH2CH2COOH
- Common name= Butyric
- MP.(C) = -4
- BP.(C) = 163
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CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH
- Common name = Valeric
- MP.(C) = -34
- BP.(C) = 185
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CH3(CH2)16COOH
- Common name = Stearic
- MP.(C) = 70
- BP.(C) = 383
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HOOCCOOH
- Common name = Oxalic
- MP.(C) = 190
- BP. Decomposes
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HOOCCH2COOH
- Common name = Malonic
- MP.(C) = 135
- BP. = Decomposes
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HOOCCH2CH2COOH
- Common name = Succinic
- MP.(C) = 188
- BP. = Decomposition
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HOOCCH2CH2CH2COOH
- Common name = Glutaric
- MP.(C) = 98
- BP. = Decomposition
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H2C=CHCOOH
- Common name = Acrylic
- MP.(C) = 13
- BP.(C) = 141
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CH3CH=CHCOOH
- Common name = Crotonic
- MP.(C) = 72
- BP.(C) = 185
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Benzene ring -COOH
- Common name = Benzoic
- MP.(C) = 122
- BP.(C) = 249
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OH-Benzene ring-COOH
- Common name = Salicylic
- MP.(C) = 159
- BP.(C) = Decomposition
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Carboxylic anion
The anion that results from ionization of a carboxylic acid, RCOO^-.
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Carboxylic acid salt
An ionic compound containing a cation and a carboxylic acid anion.
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Esterification
The reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid to yield an ester plus water.
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Phosphate ester
A compound formed by reaction of an alcohol with phosphoric acid, may be a monoester, ROPO3H2; a diester, (RO)2PO3H; or a triester, (RO)3PO; also my be a di- or triphosphate.
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