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What is the action of nitroglycerin?
potent vasodilator
-
what are the adverse effects of nitroglycerin or isosorbide?
- headache
- dizziness
- hypotension
- flushing
- rash
-
what is the difference between nitroglycerin and isosorbide?
- nitro - short acting
- isosorbide - long acting
-
what class of drugs are nitro and isosorbide?
- organic nitrates
- vasodilators
-
nursing considerations for nitroglycerin?
- change patch every 12-24 hours
- sublingual tabs Q5 min up to 3 times in 15 min
- adverse effects - watch for
- monitor BP, HR, ECG
- healthy diet
- no smoking
- no ETOH
-
what class of drugs is atenolol (Tenormin)?
beta blocker
-
what is the action of atenolol?
- slows heart rate
- reduces contractility
- lowers myocardial oxygen demand
-
what are the adverse effects of atenolol?
- fatigue
- weakness
- bradycardia
- hypotension
- digoxin may slow AV conduction --> Heart block
-
what class of drugs is diltiazem and the "dipines"?
calcium channel blocker
-
what is the action of diltiazem and the "dipines"?
- relaxes coronary and peripheral blood vessels
- increases oxygen to myocardium
- reduces cardiac workload
-
what are the adverse effects of diltiazem and the "dipines"?
- headache
- dizziness
- edema of ankles and feet
-
nursing considerations for diltiazem and the "dipines"?
- many drug-drug interactions
- St. Johns wort, ginseng ↓ effectiveness
- garlic, hawthorn, goldenseal ↑ effect
-
What does research show about giving MI patients ACE inhibitors?
- increased survival rates with therapy started within 24 hours
- captopril or lisinopril
-
what class of drug is reteplase (Retavase)?
thrombolytic
-
what are the uses of reteplase (Retavase)?
- dissolve existing clots
- treat acute MI (within 12 hrs)
- treat DVT
- treat CVA (within 3 hrs)
- treat PE
- treat arterial thrombosis
- clear IV caths
-
what are the adverse effects of reteplase (Retavase)?
- excessive bleeding (CVA)
- dysrhythmias
-
what classes of drugs can cause heart failure?
- vasodilators
- ACE inhibitors
- Ca+ channel blockers
- beta blockers
-
what are the s/s of heart failure from heart drugs?
- SOB
- fatigue and weakness
- edema of LE
- tachycardia or irregular HR
- persistent coughing (pink tinged phlegm)
- nocturia
- ascites
- anorexia
- difficulty sleeping
- confusion, impaired memory
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