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Define an animal feeding operation.
- confined animal or poultry growing operation
- livestock fed for 45 days or longer in any 12 month period
- no forage growth during growing season
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What makes a concentrated animal feeding facility?
- meets the definition of an animal feeding operation
- AND: meet definition of medium, large, or major animal units OR no matter the size, is found to be adding a significant amount of pollutants to surface waters
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What is the cut off for medium to large CAFF for dairy cows, other cattle, swine, and horses?
- Large:
- Dairy cows- 700 mature dairy cows
- Veal- 1000 calves
- Other cattle- 1000
- Swine- 2500 if >55#, 10,000 if <55#
- Horses- 500 horses
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Define a major CAFF.
have a total design capacity of more than 10 times the number of animals of a large CAFF
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Permits from the ODA specify...
- how manure will be handled
- the construction specs for manure storage
- utilization plans (spreading or export)
- insect and rodent control management plans
- odor control plans
- emergency response plan
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What is required for permits for a major CAFF?
certified livestock manager required
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Why do we store manure? (3)
- to reduce the need for frequent hauling and land spreading
- to allow land spreading at a time when soil and climatic conditions are suitable
- to allow nutrient application at or near the crop's growing season
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What are the types of manure storages? (4)
- solid manure storages
- deep pits
- outdoor slurry storage basins or tanks
- anaerobic lagoons
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What are some public concerns about manure holding ponds/ lagoons? (3)
- worries that holding ponds leak (required to have 2ft compacted layer, penetration is ~1" per year)
- lack of public knowledge about how manure structures are built
- disastrous examples from other states are often applied to Ohio
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What are water quality contaminants in manure? (5)
- nitrate- health concerns
- ammonia- kills fish
- phosphorous- eutrophication
- pathogens- health concerns
- organic matter- oxygen depletion
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