Chapter 2

combine the result of several different studies on a similar topic in order to establish the strenght of an effect

broad idea or set of closely related ideas that attempts to explain certain observations

anything that can change

Objective Description of how a research variable is going to be measure and observed

idea that can be arrived a logically from a theory

entire group in which investigators wants to draw conclusions

subset of the population chosen by the investigator for study

gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected

observation of behavior in the real-world setting with no effort made to manipulate or control the situation

require people to answer a series of written or oral questions

in-depth look at a single individual, known as case history

research strategy that identify the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together

extraneous variable that has not been measured

systematic observation that involves obtaining measure of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time

one or more variables believed to influence the behavior

research groups by chance

manipulated experimental factor

factor that can change the experiment in response to change

research study whose experiment is manipulated ( Independent )

comparison group that is as much like the experimental group as possible and is treated in every way like the experimental group except for the manipulated factor

soundness of the conclusion we draw from an experiment

extent to which an experimental design is representative of the real world issues it is supposed to address

extent to which changes in dependant variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable

The influence of the experimenters own expectations on the outcome of the research

influence of the research participants expectations on their behavior within an experiment

harmless inert substance that may be given to participants

Situation where participants expectations become an experimental outcome

conducted so that neither the experiment no the participants are aware of which the participants are aware of which participants are in the experimental group and which are in the control group until after the result are calculated

used to describe and summarize sets of all data in a meaningful way

add all #'s and divide by numbers

middle #

The difference between the highest and lowest score

statical measure of variability that involves how much the scores vary

mathematical methods that are used to indicate whether data sufficiently support or confirm a research hypothesis

ethnic label