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Cell Membranes (4)
Made up a phospholipid bilayer
Must be fluid to function properly
Switch from fluid to solid state as temperatures cool
Rich in unsaturated fatty acids
Transport proteins
Allow hydrophilic molecules to cross the membrane
Diffusion
Tendency for molecules to spread out evenly into an available space
Concentration Gradient
Determine the direction of diffusion, and this requires no work
Osmosis
Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Water Diffusion
Diffuses across a membrane
from the region of low concentration to the region of higher solute concentration
Facilitated Diffusion
Uses transport proteins to speed up the passive movement of molecules across the plasma membrane
Transport Proteins
Proteins, such as "Channel Proteins" and "Carrier Proteins" that are involved in facilitated diffusion
Channel Proteins
Provide a pore that allows a molecule to cross the membrane
Carrier Proteins
Proteins that undergo a change in shape to translocate solute-binding sites across the membrane
Active Transport
Moves substances against their gradients and requires energy (ATP)
Allows cells to maintain concentration gradients that differ from their surroundings
Membrane Potential
The voltage difference across a membrane
Voltage
Created by differences in the distribution of positive and negative ions across a membrane
Electrochemical gradient
Principle property that drives the diffusion of ions across a membrane
Determine by two forces
: Chemical force and Electrical Force
Electrogenic Pumps
Transport proteins that generate voltage across a membrane and stores energy that can be used for cellular work
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Author
lduran8
ID
329345
Card Set
Chapter 5 Key Terms
Description
Key terms from chapter 5
Updated
2017-03-09T08:17:52Z
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