ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY

a. Three germ layers


i. Ectoderm


ii. Endoderm


iii. Mesoderm

b. Somite


i. Dermatome


ii. Myotome

• Ectoderm- epidermis , brain and nervous system
• Endoderm- Glands, inner lining of respiratory tract, digestive tract
• Mesoderm- > Notocord/Somites-> muscules (skeletal)
• 

Mesoderm

• sclerotomes
• dermatomes
• myotomes

A sclerotome is part of a somite, a structure in vertebrate embryonic development. Sclerotomes eventually differentiate into the vertebrae and most of the skull.

A group of tissues formed by somites and develop into the wall muscles

• The conventional position of the human
• body from which descriptions are derived: body erect, eyes forward and parallel
• to horizon, arms at sides with palms forward, toes forward and feet together.
• 

• Divides the body down the middle
• 

• Mid divides body along the midline into left and right halves
• Para - next to the midsagittal section

• 1. Through
• crown of head
• 2. Divides body or head into
• anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) parts

• 1. For
• body, transverse sections are cut in the horizontal plane

• 2. Divides body into superior
• and inferior body parts

Towards the median ( middle) or midsagital plane

Away from the median

In the middle

Towards the nose rostrum(also cephalio, cranial

Towards the tail

Close to the median or near the origin of a structure

Away from the origin of the strcuture

palm side of the hand

Sole of the foot

on the same side

On the opposite side

towards the CNS, or towards a named neural structure

Away from the CNS or, away from a named neural structure

Shortens distance b/w origin and insertion

The attachment that is stable ( usually proximal)

The attachement that is moveable ( usally distal)

• the muscle shortens as it contracts
• 

Abduction - movement away from the midline

• Flexion
• & Extenion

Movements in the Sagittal Plane