Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis with mild hypoxia
Arterial blood gas results indicate that a patient has metabolic alkalosis, which is consistent with the nurses' notes indicating frequent vomiting. The patient's hypoventilation and bicarbonate retention would be best treated by?
C. improving ventilation with mechanical aids
An acid is a substance that donates ________ and therefore increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution that causes the numerical value of the _______ to ______.
1.increase
2.decrease
3.pH
4.H+
5.pK
B. IV, III, II
In order to give a patient in pulmonary edema an IPPB treatment with ethyl alcohol on 100% oxygen using the Bird Mark VII machine, which change would you make?
D. push the air/mix control in
Which arterial blood gas and/or acid-base status is(are) typical of a person having an acute asthmatic attack?
1.hypoxemia
2.increased arterial carbon dioxide tension
3.metabolic and respiratory acidosis
4.respiratory alkalosis
A. I, IV only
Which of the following should not be turned on when setting up the Bird Mark 7 for IPPB therapy?
Uncompensated respiratory acidosis with moderate hypoxia.
The Briggs' T-tube adaptor consists of?
D. an attachment that connects a nebulizer to an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube
Which physiologic alteration(s) would stimulate the peripheral chemoreceptors into sending hyperventilation impulses to the medulla?
1.A decreased partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood
2.An acute rise in dissolved arterial CO2
3.An acute increase in arterial (H+acidic situation)
4.An acute increase in arterial blood pH
C. II, III, IV only
A 17-year-old diabetic entered the emergency room with Kussmaul breathing and irregular pulse. Room air blood gases: pH 7.05 HCO3-- 5 mEq/L PCO2 12 mm Hg BE --30 mEq/L PO2 108 mm Hg INTERPRETATION:
Partially compensated metabolic acidosis with hyperoxia
In performing the SMI maneuver during incentive spirometry, the patient should be instructed to sustain the breath for at least how long?
A. 5 to 10 seconds
Which of the following is not a commonly accepted goal of IPPB therapy?
C. treatment of hypoxemia
The amount of CO2 entering the blood depends primarily on the_______________.
B. respiratory rate
A 47-year-old man collapsed on the street and was blue with no palpable pulse when the paramedics arrived. The airway was cleared, ventilation was established with 100% oxygen, and closed-chest cardiac massage instituted. Within 20 seconds, there was a palpable pulse and skin color improved. The patient became responsive and uncooperative within 2 minutes. Twenty minutes following the successful resuscitation, blood gas samples were drawn. The patient had received 100 mEq of sodium bicarbonate and 300 ml of 5% dextrose/water intravenously. What would you expect his blood gases to be on 40% oxygen? pH 7.51 HCO3-- 30 mEq/L PCO2 35 mm Hg BE +5 mEq/L PO2 62 mm Hg INTERPRETATION:
Partially compensated metabolic alkalosis with moderate hypoxia.
At 100% body humidity, water vapor exerts a pressure of?
D. 47 mm Hg
A 65-year-old COPD patient is admitted to the Emergency Room complaining of shortness of breath. His family informs the physician that the patient recently caught the flu and that his condition has worsened during the past few days. He appears dyspeneic and has an irregular ventilatory pattern. His Vt is 400 cc, and his radial pulse is 122 beats/min. The patient is lucid and responds to questioning. Room ai blood gases reveal: PaO2: 50 torr PaCO2: 68torr pH: 7.29 SaO2: 75% [Hb] 18g% A nasal cannula with a flow rate of 6 liters/min is installed for his patient per physician's orders. Upon your return to his patients room after being away for about 20 minutes, you observe the patient who appears to be asleep. His ventilatory rate is now 10 breaths/min; his tidal volume gas fallen to 300cc. He responds lethargically as you call his name. he is confused, does not respond well to questioning, and slumbers off to sleep again. Which statement(s) correctly describe(s) this situation?
1.The fact that this patient is no longer tachypneic is a sign of improvement
2.His somnolence and reduced sensorium indicate CO2 narcosis (O2 induced hypoventilation)
3.The oxygen administered to this patient is being provided by the appropriate device for the situation
4.The patient should be left alone (i.e., not awakened) because this is the first time in a few days that he has not been able to rest
B. II only
Interpret the following arterial blood gas data: PaO2 95 mm Hg PaCO2 20 mm Hg pH 7.32 HCO3-- 10 mEq/liter
B. partially compensated metabolic acidosis no hypoxemia
What is the function of the terminal flow control on the Bennett PR-2 ventilator
E. helps cycle the unit off in case of gas leaks
While performing incentive spirometry, a patient with two rib fractures on the right side complains of severe pain on inspiration in the area of the fractures. The respiratory care practitioner should:
C. stop the therapy and inform the supervisor
Normally, ______________ is the only volatile acid excreted by the lungs under ordinary conditions.
B. H2CO3
What happens to an ABG when an air bubble is not removed from sample?
When you don’t bleed the air bubble out the syringe, it can cause the PaO2 on your ABG value to rise and cause an error in the ABG.
You should be concerned about oxygen toxicity with FIO2's at or above______.
A. 50%
Blood gases obtained in the recovery room are: pH 7.32, PCO2 60, HCO3-- 22, PO2 75. The most appropriate corrective action would be
B. 100% oxygen
Blood is carried from the right ventricle to the lungs through
C. The pulmonary artery
A disease producing organisms is known as a
B. pathogen
Any substance capable of combining with or accepting a hydrogen ion in solution is called a:
Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis with hyperoxia
Calculate the duration of flow for an "E" cylinder with 1800 psi and operating an aerosol device at 10 liters/min.
A. 54 minutes
Which response in the Sympathetic Nervous System is responsible for promoting bronchodilation?
C. beta-two stimulation
Blood is pumped out to the systemic circulation by
D. the left ventricle
Claculate the amount of oxygen combined to hemoglobin in a patient having 13g% Hb and an arterial oxygen saturation of 86%
B. 17.42 vol%
A 34-year-old woman entered the emergency room comatose. She was suspected of taking an overdose of an unknown drug. Room air blood gases: pH 7.15 HCO3-- 28 mEq/L PCO2 80 mm Hg BE 0 mEq/L PO2 42 mm Hg SO2 80% INTERPRETATION:
Partially compensated respiratory acidosis with moderate to almost severe hypoxia.
A PaCO2 of 60 torr is indicative of:
D. Hypercapnia
Which type of cell exhibits the function of producing pulmonary surfactant
A. Type II alveolar cells
A 66-year-old woman with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease entered the emergency room in obvious pulmonary edema. Room air blood gases: pH 7.10 HCO3-- 8 mEq/L PCO2 25 mm Hg BE --20 mEq/L PO2 40 mm Hg SO2 52% INTERPRETATION:
Partially Compensated Metabolic Acidosis with mild Hypoxemia
Which selection best describes the relationship between the PaO2 and the amount of oxygen dissolved in the arterial blood expressed as volumes percent?
C. A direct relationship exists between these two factors.
At 37°C one liter of a gas can maximally hold how much water vapor.,
A. 44 mg
The_____________ are the major organs of acid excretion.
A. lungs
A 21 year old man is admitted to the emergency room with a diagnosis of status asthmaticus. An arterial blood gas sample obtained while the patient is breathing room air reveals the result below: pH 7.30 PaCO2 52 torr HCO3-- 25 mEq/L PaO2 40 torr These data indicate which of the following?
1.Respiratory acidosiS
2.Metabolic alkalosis
3.The patient needs ventilatory assistance
4.Hypoventilation
A. I and III only
A 76-year-old man with a long history of symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) entered the hospital with basilar pneumonia. Room air blood gases: pH 7.58 HCO3-- 40 mEq/L PCO2 45 mm Hg BE +15 mEq/L PO2 38 mm Hg SO2 83% INTERPRETATION:
Uncompensated Metabolic Alkalosis with severe Hypoxemia
A patient who is receiving oxygen via a 24-percent venturi mask becomes dyspeneic when she removes the mask to eat. The respiratory therapy practitioner recommended delivering the oxygen via
