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THORACOABDOMINAL & PELVIC DIAPHRAGMS
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Diaphrag
m
During inspiration:
1) the diaphragm flattens
2) the thoracic cage expands
Intercostal muscles
stiffen the chest wall, antagonizing the action of the diaphragm.
Innervation of Diaphragm (GSE)
True Pelvis
Below Pelvic Brim
False Pelvis
Above Pelvic Brim
The narrowest point in the pelvic
outlet is :
the distance between the ischial spines.
Difficulties in deliveries occur when
the distance between spines is too
small, ie. 9.5 cm
Lithotomy
The pelvic outlet is spanned by two diaphragms
-urogenital diaphragm spans the urogenital triangle
-These diaphragms separate the pelvic cavity from the perineum
-pelvic diaphragm spans the anal triangle
Functions of The Pelvic Diaphragm
Functions
1. support pelvic organs
2. increase intra-abdominal/pelvic pressures
When the Pelvic Diaphragm contracts
-When they contract, they flatten decreasing the volume of the abdominal/pelvic
cavities & increasing the pressure of the abdominal/pelvic cavities
Contraction of abdominal muscles increases intra-abdominal
pressure in the Valsalva maneuver which is necessary for voiding contents like"
1.urination
2.defecation
3.vomiting
4.parturition
Puborectalis (Levator Ani)
Origin:pubic bone
Insertion
: rectum
innvervation
: S3 and S4
Action
: support pelvic organs increase intra-abdminal pressure
Pubococcygeus ( Levator ani)
Origin:pubic bone
Insertion
: coccyx
innvervation
: S3 and S4
Action
: support pelvic organs increase intra-abdminal pressure
Iliococcygeus
Origin:illium
Insertion
: coccyx
innvervation
: S3 and S4
Action
: support pelvic organs increase intra-abdminal pressure
(ischio) coccygeus
Origin:Ischial spine
Insertion
: coccyx
innvervation
: S4 and S5
Action
: support pelvic organs increase intra-abdminal pressure
Relaxation of the puborectal sling allows
the rectum to straighten and the feces
to drop down for defecation
Kinking of the anorectal junction
holds feces in
Which muscle is most frequently torn during childbirth
-The pubococcygeus is the muscle most frequently torn
-Tearing of the pubococcygeus results
in fecal incontinence
Episiotomy
before child birth episiotomy is performed to prevent tearing of the vaginal muscles
endopelvic fascia
Superior to the pelvic diaphragm
Condensations of the endopelvic fascia provides passive support to the pelvic organs
Author
haaveshes
ID
32905
Card Set
THORACOABDOMINAL & PELVIC DIAPHRAGMS
Description
Origins Insertions and general info
Updated
2010-09-06T02:21:31Z
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