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• Voluntary
• -stress/ansixety/fear/pain
• Hypoxia-
• hypoxic-hypoxia-fumes/smoke/altitue
• hyaemia hypoxia-blood loss/anaemia
• stagnant hypoxia-heat failuer
• motion sickness
• vibration
• Antig manouvres

• Aymptomatic 100% oxygen
• Symptomatic
• -100% oxygen
• -minimise movement
• -lie supine
• -IV fluids
• -full hx
• -exam
• -MSE
• -medication

• - Place in supine position, not head down
• - Administer 100% oxygen
• - Keep patient warm
• - Administer IV fluids
• - Obtain a complete history
• - Perform a complete physical examination, including detailed neurological examination and minimental
• state exam
• Consult a hyperbaric medicine specialist (RAN Submarine and Underwater Medicine Unit 0408-480238
• (24h)
• Transport to hyperbaric chamber ? at or near sea level pressure

• if the symptoms clear while awaiting transportation to a hyperbaric chamber
• -keep the patient on 100% oxygen for 2 hours,
• and observe for 4 hours. Go to Step 2.
• see AVMO DCI jpeg

• -involves the cones
• -central vision
• -sharp VA
• -colour vision
• -central vision/narrow

• peripheral vision
• the rods
• poor colour
• black and white
• sensitive to movement
• low light conditions
• -30d3d 6/60

• Fracture spine
• -poor posture
• -direction of ejection
• -incorrect restraint
• -dynamic overshhot-fracture femur
• -chin an sternum fracture
• -head not in the correct possition
• -not pulling down
• Facial injuies
• -windblasts/loose objects/
• shoulder injuries-outside the flail zone
• Barotrauma

• Container (C):
• -compartment/cockpit space that surrounds the aircraft occupant.
• -perfect container would completely protect occupants from incursions of outside materials/debris during the impact. ?
• -Deformations of the container that reduce survivable space can cause injury and death,
• -typical roll-cage is designed to strengthen the container space to prevent this from occurring.
• -Penetrating bird strikes are a relatively common form of container compromise that causes accidents.
• Restraint (R):
• -Harnesses .
• -Seats
• Environment (E):
• -immediate environmental hazards.
• - Flail distance
• -chest decelerating
• -poorly attached bulkhead-mounted equipment
• Energy Absorption (E):
• -aircraft crushes in a controlled manner
• -absorbing energy during impact
• -the aircraft effectively increases the distance (and time) through which the occupant decelerates,
• -decreasing the peak crash force experienced.
• Honeycomb construction,
• stroking seats,
• helmets,
• collapsible landing gear and
• landing strut systems are a few design features that can facilitate energy absorption.
• Post-crash Factors and Escape (P)
• -physical obstacles that impede escape or difficult-to-open emergency exits.
• -Toxic fumes
• -Un-stowed baggage or a direct fire threat can cut off escape.
• -life support equipment-correct use and function of
• -ejection seat
• -water survival gear
• -environment clothing

• Vaccination-12 hour
• Alcohol-minimum 8 hours, no symptoms
• Fatigue
• Diving
• Huet
• Simulations
• Blood donation

• -air temp-cold/dry air
• -exposure to fumes/gases
• -effect of altitude-low pressure
• -acceleration
• -antiG straining
• -hypoxia
• -exertion/workload
• -heat-degydration
• -oxygen requirements

• -consider role in PC3 and crew
• -TMUFF 28 days
• -hx and exam
• -Confirm diagnosis-ambulatory BP
• -consider Ix-blood lipids/uec/FBC
• -Calulate CVS risk score-if>15 cosider cardiological Ix
• -coomence single drug -perondopril
• -titrate to BP
• -once stable-stable and no sx
• -UMECR-

• What is the Aeromedical disposition?
• -dehydration
• -diet
• -vibration
• -temperature extremes
• -long sorties
• Aeromedical disposition
• -TMUFF until stone is clear
• or
• 4-6 weeks post procedure
• return to unrestricted flying.

• -hx and exam
• -refer gastro
• -gastroscopy+/-bx
• abd xray
• Rputine bloods-FBC/UEC/LFT/alcohol use
• H-pyori test
• MEC J31 A3-
• -until confirmation of ulcer healing on repeat gastrscopy
• -H pyloro eradicated
• -then to J11A1

• - is a strong sensation of tumbling induced by the movement of the head from the plane of rotation.
• - caused by ?cross?coupling? of the semicircular canals,
• -different and conflicting information is sent to the brain by each of the three canals.
• -rotation begins, let?s say in the horizontal plane, the horizontal (yaw) canal is initially stimulated by the acceleration.
• - Movement of the head out of one plane of rotation and into another, for example by looking downwards at your feet,
• -results in the yaw canal tipping out of the plane of rotation,
• -so due to inertia the fluid keeps moving in the now stationary canal.
• -However the ?roll? canal is brought into the plane of rotation by the movement,
• -so this now detects the acceleration it could not previously feel.
• -In addition, the ?pitch? canal detects the acceleration of the forward rotation of the head in looking down.
• -All three semicircular canals are therefore being stimulated in different ways,
• -which is confusing to the vestibular system resulting in severe disorientation, and frequently nausea.
• -In addition, lateral displacement of the otolith organs in a rotating environment subjects them to Coriolis Force,
• -which stimulates the otoliths and creates a sense of lateral displacement.
• -makes this such a confusing tumbling sensation

• ? Provide protection from:
• ? Wind blast
• ? Bird strike
• ? Depressurisation
• ? Provide a platform for the mounting of:
• ? Communications
• ? Oxygen Masks
• ? Night Vision Goggles (NVG)
• ? NBC equipment

• ? Wrist and neck seals
• ? Separate neoprene hood
• ? Separate neoprene gloves
• -relatively waterbroof
• -some protection from the environment
• ? Air expulsion valves mmersion Clothing
• ? Immersion Suits reduce the hazards of cold water environments.
• ? ADF Immersion Suits are ?Dry worn over the top like coveralls.
• -Trapped air allow buoncy
• - Inherently fire resistant

The acronym ‘PRICE’ represents:P (Pressure). Check pressure is within specified limits for aircraft type.R (Regulator). A full check is completed before flight looking for signs of obvious damage including a functional  test of the mask and associated equipment, and regulator switches are in the appropriate settings.I (Indicator). Check the flow indicator flicks in unison with breathing, this shows gas flow through the regulator.C (Connections). Check the condition of all hoses and connections (including the emergency oxygen connection where fitted) by pushing to ensure connections are not dislodged. E (Emergency Assembly). Check the contents of the emergency oxygen supply and security of the ‘firing’handle. Portable oxygen bottles should also be checked as part of this check

OXYGEN SYSTEMS TYPICAL OXYGEN SYSTEM OXYGEN REGULATOR?- three control levers          -an ON/OFF lever,  -a diluter lever  -an emergency lever-pressure/contents gauge -Flow  indicator-NORMAL  setting,  -sea level-cabin  air. -altitude  increases-proportion of oxygen gradually increases, 100% AT 32,000 -a small over-pressure (2-4mmHg) is automatically introduced between 28,000-30,000 feet-40,000 feet, over-pressure is progressively increased TO 28-30 mmHg at 45,000 feet. -100% oxygen may be selected at any altitude.-EMERGENCY selection provides between 5-7 mmHg over-pressure, and TEST MASK between 20-30 mmHg.CAUTION: with the SUPPLY lever OFF and the DILUTER lever NORMAL only cabin air will be breathed. So, the regulator is normally set to 100% and OFF when switching it off.

oxygen regulator