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Blood is the only ___ tissue n the blood and is classified as a _____ tissue.
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Average adult blood volume
Male: ______L
Female: ____L
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Blood color ranges from _____ (oxygen-rich) to a _____(oxygen poor).
- Scarlet(bright red)
- Dark red
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Whole blood is composed of _____ and _____.
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Whole blood is composed of ___% of plasma and ___% formed elements.
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In blood, plasma is a liquid.
___% water
___% proteins
The rest are _____, non-protein nitrogenous compounds, nutrients, gasses, hormones.
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In blood, plasma is a liquid. 90%water, 8%proteins, and the rest.
____ is a compound most common in the proteins.
Albumin
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Scientific name for red blood cells
Erythrocytes
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Erythrocytes are ____ discs, with no ____ or organelles when mature, and function in ___ transport with ____ that carries oxygen in the blood.
- Biconcave
- Nucleus
- Gas
- Hemoglobin
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What are the most abundant blood cells in the formed element?
Erythrocytes
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What are the most numerous blood cells?
Erythrocytes
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What blood cells also transports about 20% of carbon dioxide released by tissue cells back to the lungs?
Erythrocytes
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Scientific name for white blood cells.
Leukocytes
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What cells help protect the body from damage by bacteria, viruses, parasitises, toxins, and tumor cells?
Leukocytes
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Leukocytes flow through the blood stream and move in and out of blood vessels via ____ to areas with inflammation or tissue damage.
Diapedesis
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Leukocytes move by ____ motion.
Amoeboid
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Leukocytes can be classified as what two major groups?
Granulocytes and agranulocytes
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Name the white blood cells; granulocytes?
- Neutrophil
- Eosinophil
- Basophil
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Name the white blood cells; agranulocytes.
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Describe a neutrophil.
Describe an eosinophil.
Describe a basophil.
- Multilobed nucleus, pale red and blue cytoplasmic granules
- Bilobed nucleus, red cytoplasmic granules
- Bilobed nucleus, purplish-black cytoplasmic granules
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Describe a lymphocyte.
Describe a monocyte.
- Large spherical nucleus, thin rim of pale blue cytoplasm
- Kidney-shaped nucleus, abundant pale blue cytoplasm.
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What white blood cell is the 25% or more of the WBC population and is second most numerous leukocytes?
Lymphocytes
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What white blood cell's nucleus occupies most of the cell volume?
Lymphocytes
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What are the two types of lymphocytes?
- B-lymphocyte
- T-lymphocyte
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What type of lymphocytes give rise to plasma cells which in turn produce antibodies?
B-lymphocytes
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What type of lymphocytes directly attack virus-infected cells and tumor cells?
T-lymphocytes
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What white blood cell are closely associated with lymphoid tissue and play a crucial role in immunity?
Lymphocytes
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Which white blood cell is considered the largest leukocyte?
Monocyte
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What white blood cell make up 3-8% of all leukocytes and have a U-shaped nucleus?
Monocytes
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What are white blood cell are active phagocytes against viruses and chronic infections?
Monocytes
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What white blood cell is the most numerous WBC(40-70%)?
Neutrophils
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What white blood cell has 3-6 lobed nucleus?
Neutrophil
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What white blood cells fight bacteria and are chemically attracted to the site of inflammation and are active phagocytes?
Neutrophils
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What white blood cell are about 2-4% of WBC population and attach parasitic worm that are too large to be phagocytized?
Eosinophils
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What white blood cell has a nucleus shaped like a figure 8 or is bilobed and plays a complex role in allergies and asthma?
Eosinophils
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What white blood cells plays a complex role in allergies and asthma?
Eosinophils
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What white blood cell are the rarest with an account for less than 1% of all leukocytes?
Basophils
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What white blood cell's granules contain such as histamine which acts as vasodilator and attracts other WBCs to the inflamed site?
Basophils
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What white blood cell does not participate directly in the immune system, they only call for help?
Basophils
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What blood element are cell fragments of megakaryocytes, so not cells?
Platelets
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Platelets are cell fragments of _____.
Megakaryocytes
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Platelets function in ____.
-Occurs in the plasma when blood vessels are ruptured.
-Platelets stick to the damaged site and form a temporary plug.
Hemostasis
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Blood typing is a system of blood classification based on the presence of specific ____ on the outer surface on the ____ plasma membrane.
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What are antigens?
Anything that the body percieves as foreign and generates an immune response
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The glycoproteins on the surface of the erythrocytes are ____. They promote ______, so they are called _____. These determine one's blood type.
- Antigens
- Agglutination
- Agglutinogens
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_____ act against RBCs carrying antigens that are not present on a person's own RBC and cause them to clump together.
Agglutinins
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The ABO blood groups are ased on the presence or absence of 2 agglutinogens: _____ and ____.
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The RH factor is based on the presence of antigen __ on the membrane of the erythrocyte. Classified as either RH pos. or neg.
D
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What condition during birth attacks the placenta's RBCs?
Erythroblastosis fetalis
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What is a condition in which the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity is too low to support normal metabolism. May result from a decrease in RBCs or decreased hemoglobin content in the RBCs?
Anemia
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What is abnormal excess of RBCs that increase blood viscosity?
Polycythemia
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What is abnormally low WBC count/ <4000 per mm?
Leukopenia
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What is increased WBCs, over 11,000 per mm, is a normal homeostatic response to an infection in the body?
Leukocytosis
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What is the overproduction of abnormal WBCs, accompanied by a reduction in the number of RBCs and platelets?
Leukemia
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What is abnormal hemoglobin, results from a change in one of the 146 amino acids in a beta chain of the globin molecule. Cell becomes irregular shaped and is not able to carry oxygen?
Sickle-cell anemia
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What is inadequate intake of iron-containing foods or impaired iron absorption(iron is a part of the hemoglobin)?
Iron-deficiency anemia
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What is blood clotting?
Coagulation
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What is the percentage o RBCs present in a given volume?
Hematocrit
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Centrifuging-centrifugal force packs down heavier formed elements in a capillary tube, and less dense plasma remains at the top.
What is the order in which it presents it self from top to bottom?
- Plasma(55%)
- Buffy coat
- Erythrocytes(45%)
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Review for info as needed
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Review for info as needed
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- 1:Platelet
- 2: Neutrophil
- 3: Monocyte
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- Eosinophil
- Lymphocyte
- Erythrocyte
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- Neutrophil
- Basophil
- Monocyte
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