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Unanimous
All the people vote the same
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Convene
A big meeting (A convention is where people convene)
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How many votes did each state have?
How many representatives did they send to congress?
- 1 vote per state.
- 7 representatives per state.
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How many of the 13 states had to agree to pass a law?
9 out of the 13 states had to agree.
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How many votes from the states had there to be to change the articles.
It had to be unanimous.
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What was the most important power congress was denied?
Power of taxation.
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Where could Congress only get money from?
They had to request money from the states.
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When were the Articles of Confederation submitted to the states?
1777
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What state didn't approve the Articles? When did it?
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Why didn't Maryland approve of the Articles?
Maryland felt that the land west of the Allegheny Mountains should be given back to Congress
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Maryland finally agreed (land west of Allegheny Mountains given back to Congress) and the articles were approved in what year?
1781
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Entire government revolved around congress. What kind of house did the Government have?
Unicameral House
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What is a Unicameral House?
Only one legislative chamber. There wasn't 2 chambers like we have today (House/Lower & Senate Upper).
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There wasn't a sense of union among the states until the Articles of Confederation created a ________?
League of Friendship
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What began the process of selling land, not just giving it away?
The land ordinance of 1785
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The land ordinance of 1785 broke plots of land into______?
Townships
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What set up stages of development in order to gain statehood?
What Year?
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5 Provisions for Statehood?
- 1) Congressionally appointed governor & judges
- 2) 5,000 free adult males elect own legislature
- 3) Populations of 60,000 could write own constitution and become a state
- 4) Slavery was outlawed
- 5) Freedom of Religion and Trial by Jury were rights
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The elite thought too much power was given to states and citizens because______
They felt that the citizens weren't intelligent enough to self-govern
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2 main weaknesses of the new government?
- 1) Government couldn't pay off war debts, including paying soldiers
- 2) Congress couldn't get 9-state majority to pass needed laws
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Why was there a Constitutional Convention?
In response to the highly criticized Articles of Confederation
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Constitutional Convention couldn't convene in Annapolis because_____?
Not enough delegates attended
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When/where was the Constitutional Convention?
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Why was the Constitutional Convention going to Amend the articles or draft a new product?
Everyone felt the need for a stronger central government
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When were the Articles of Confederation approved?
1779
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What state held up the approval of the Articles?
Maryland
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What caused Shays’ Rebellion?
Shays' Rebellion was staged by farmers in Western Massachusetts who were frustrated by land seizures for debt collection.
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How many delegates attended the Constitutional Convention?
55 delegates attended
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What was the only state to not attend the Constitutional Convention?
Rhode Island
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Who attended every meeting of the Constitutional convention?
James Madison
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Who is often called the "Father of the Constitution?"
James Madison (he attended every meeting)
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Who was the President of the Constitutional Convention?
George Washington
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What was George Washington's role in the Constitutional Convention?
President of the convention
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Name 2 issues they faced at the Constitutional Convention
- 1) Struggle between powerful states or a powerful Federal Government
- 2) Election of Executive Branch (President)
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Who sponsored the Virginia Plan?
Edmund Randolph
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What did the Virginia Plan (VA plan) call for?
- A bicameral legislature:
- (upper house, the Senate, and a lower house, the House of Representatives).
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What is a bicameral legislature?
2 houses of Congress: Composed of an upper house, the Senate, and a lower house, the House of Representatives.
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Why was the Virginia Plan called the "Large State Plan"?
Because each state would send representatives according to population.
Greater size = greater power
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What powers did Congress get in the Virginia plan?
- 1) Power to tax
- 2) Power to regulate commerce
- 3) Veto over states
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Besides giving power to Congress to tax, regulate commerce, and veto over states, what else did the Virginia Plan create?
Executive and Judicial Branches
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Who sponsored the New Jersey Plan?
William Paterson
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What major difference did the New Jersey Plan have from the VA Plan?
Unicameral legislature (one chamber) to level the playing field between small and large states
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Which plan wanted a Unicameral Legislature?
New Jersey Plan
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Which plan wanted a bicameral legislature?
Virginia Plan
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Which plan wanted a very strong central government?
Virginia Plan
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Which plan wanted representation to be based on a state's population?
Virginal Plan
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Which plan wanted every state to have the same representation and only one house of Congress?
New Jersey Plan
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Which plan wanted to keep states more powerful than the national government?
The New Jersey Plan
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What was the "Great Compromise?"
- Established 2 houses of Congress:
- - The lower house was based on population (large states liked this).
- - The upper house was equal with 2 representatives per state (small states likes this).
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What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?
Included Slaves in the population (slave states liked this because it gave them more representatives), but they were only counted as 3/5ths a person (non-slave states liked this).
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What are Reserved Powers?
Powers given to the states in the Constitutional Convention
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What 6 powers were given to the states in the Convention?
- WEST MG
- 1) License Professional Workers
- 2) Conduct Elections
- 3) Establish and Support Local Schools
- 4) Regulate State Trade
- 5) Make Marriage Laws
- 6) Establish Local Governments
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What are Delegated Powers?
Powers given to the Federal Government in the Constitutional Convention
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What 6 powers were given to the Federal Government in the Convention?
- 1) Coin and print money
- 2) Conduct foreign relations
- 3) Establish post offices and roads
- 4) Raise and support federal forces
- 5) Declare war and make peace
- 6) Pass naturalization laws and admit immigrants
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What are Concurrent Powers
Powers shared by states and Federal Government
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What 6 Concurrent powers (shared by states/Federal Government) were made in Convention?
- That Baby Monkey Cries Like Hunter
- 1) Collect Taxes
- 2) Charter Banks
- 3) Borrow Money
- 4) Establish Courts
- 5) Enforce Laws & punish Law Breakers
- 6) Provide Health and welfare to the people
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What gives each branch individual powers?
Separation of Powers
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Separation of Powers means there is a ________ System
Checks and balances
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What does checks and what does balances mean?
Checks: Power to stop something from happening
Balances: Power is spread out
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What were the 3 Branches made during the Constitutional Convention?
- - Legislative: 2 Houses of Congress
- - Executive: President
- - Judicial: Courts (Supreme Court)
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3/5ths compromise Example
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