A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Therefore, this compound ___.
A) should dissolve in water
Hydrocarbons are the simplest organic molecules, consisting only of which three elements?
B) hydrogen, oxygen, carbon
The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to __.
A) the chemical versatility of carbon atoms
Which of the following is true of carbon?
C) It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds
Humans can digest starch but not cellulose because ___.
C) humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the alpha-glycosidic linkages of starch but not the beta-glycosidic linkages of cellulose
Which of the following is NOT a polymer?
D) glucose
A 6-carbon carbohydrate would be referred to as a ___, whereas a 5-carbon carbohydrate would be referred to as a ___.
A) hexose; pentose
Which type of bond is formed between the atoms of a single carbohydrate?
D) Covalent
How do phospholipids interact with water molecules?
D) The polar head interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not
Cooking oil and gasoline (hydrocarbons) are not considered amphipathic because they ___.
B) do not have a polar or charged region
How would you prove that fats and oils are both made of triglycerides?
B) Test to see if both are made of fatty acids and glycerol only
The label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. Hydrogenated vegetable ___.
D) is solid at room temperature
Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning amino groups? Amino groups___.
B) are nonpolar
Which level of protein structure do the alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet represent?
B) Secondary
You have just sequenced a new protein found in mice and observe that sulfur-containing cysteine residues occur at regular intervals. What is the significance of this finding?
B) Cysteine residues are involved in disulfide bridges that help form tertiary structure
Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?
B) DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
If 14C-labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be labeled?
B) RNA
DNA and RNA are always written in the direction of the coding sequence from __ to ___.
B) 5': 3'
When nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid ___.
B) a covalent bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of a second
Which of the following statements correctly describes cis-trans isomers?
C) They have variations in arrangement around a double bond
Which of the functional groups below acts most like an acid in water?
A) Carboxyl
Which covalent bonds is/are polar?
C) C=O and C-N, but not C-H
A carbon atom is most likely to form what kind of bond(s) with other atoms?
A) Covalent
Starch and cellulose ___.
D) are polymers of glucose
Table sugar (sucrose) is composed of how many simple sugar molecules?
B) 2
The carbohydrate cellulose is made up of which type of molecules?
C) Simple sugars
Which of the following is the best explanation for why vegetable oil is a liquid at room temperature while animal fats are solid?
A) Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats
Which of these molecules is found only in animal cell membranes?
A) Cholesterol
Which of the following is NOT a component of each monomer used to make proteins?
B) A phosphorus atom (P)
Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?
B) DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
