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OChem- Week 4

  1. Skeletal Isomers
    • 1) Same Molecular Formula
    • 2) Same Family
    • 3) Different arrangements

    • * Use the 'Stand on Carbon' to determine- will have the same amount of primaires, etc.
    • * Can have different names, just has to have the same amount of C and H
  2. Positional Isomer
    • 1) Same Molecular Formula
    • 2) Same Family
    • 3) Position of Side Group varies

    * Can have different names, just has to have the same amount of C and H
  3. Functional Isomer
    • 1) Same Molecular Formula
    • 2) Different Family

    *Pay attention ot location of O and other elements
  4. R-O-R
    Ether
  5. C2H5-O-C4H9
    Example of non-symetrical Ether

    * When naming, the side group is the smaller side (C2H5)
  6. CH3-O-CH3
    Example of Symetrical Ether
  7. Conformational Isomers
    • 1) Rotation around C-C Bond
    • 2) Bond is not broken (i.e. Chair/ Boat)
    • *Optical Stereoisomers (Newman Projections), Chair/ Boat
  8. Configurational Isomers
    1) Bonds must be broken

    • *Geometric Stereoisomers, Cis/ Trans, E-Z
    • * Enantiomers, Diastereomers, Meso Compounds
  9. Chiral Carbon
    • 1) Must have 4 Different groups attached
    • * On a model, it would have 4 different Colors
  10. Enantiomer
    • 1) Must have at eleast 1 chirocarbon
    • 2) Mirror Image
    • 3) Molecules will not line up ** Like Hands***
    • 4) All molecules will have the same BP, MP, Reactin time, etc.
    • 5) Molecules rotate in different directions
    • 6) Cannot be seperated at all
  11. Optically Active
    That which has Chiro Carbon
  12. R
    Clockwise
  13. S
    Counterclockwise
  14. Diastereomers
    • 1) Chiral Carbons
    • 2) No Mirror Images
    • 3) All information is different (BP, MP, etc.)
    • 4) Can be seperated by chemical means
  15. Meso Compounds
    • 1) Even Amount of Chiral Carbons
    • 2) Mirror Images
    • 3) Internal Symmetry (divide molecule in half for mirror image)
    • 4) Optically INACTIVE
  16. Which is Optically Active?
    Question asking to identify Chiral Carbon
  17. R/S Designation
    • 1) Identify lowest priority group
    • a) If group is on vertical 'erase' and proceed
    • b) If group is on horizontal, 'erase' and swap with horizontal counterpart
    • 2) Determine remaining priorities on cross and number based on atomic #
    • 3) Draw rotational arrow to determine direction

    • *In the result of a tie- determine which has higher subsitution
    • ** If more than one ChiralCarbon, be sure to indicate which # carbon is S or R
Author
chiroclown
ID
32802
Card Set
OChem- Week 4
Description
ochem-week 4
Updated

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