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Science Chapter 1 Study Guide

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  1. The process by which and organism's internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment
    Homeostasis
  2. The basic unit of structure and function in a living thing
    Cell
  3. The inner framework made up of all the bones in the body
    Skeleton
  4. The small 26 bones that make up the back bone
    Vertebrae
  5. A place in the body where two bones come together
    Joint
  6. Strong connective tissues that holds bones together in movable joints
    Ligament
  7. Strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
    Tendon
  8. A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing
    Cartilage
  9. Hard dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of the bone
    Compact bone
  10. Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone
    Spongy bone
  11. The soft connective tissue that fills the internal spaces in a bone
    Marrow
  12. A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily
    Osteoporosis
  13. The outer layer of the skin
    Epidermis
  14. A pigment that gives the skin its color
    Melanin
  15. The inner layer of the skin
    Dermis
  16. An opening through which sweat reaches the surface of the skin
    Pore
  17. Structure in the dermis of the skin from which a strand of hair grows
    Follicle
  18. Makes part of your body move
    Muscular Tissue
  19. A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body
    Nervous muscle
  20. A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts
    Connective tissue
  21. A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out
    Epithelial tissue
  22. Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body
    Smooth Muscle
  23. Muscle tissue found only in the heart
    Cardiac Muscle
  24. A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones
    Skeletal Muscle
  25. 5 Functions of the Skeleton:
    • 1. Movement
    • 2. Shape
    • 3. Protects organs
    • 4. Stores certain materials
    • 5. Produces blood cells
  26. Describe the 4 joints and their movement
    • 1. Pivot Joint: Moves in a circular motion
    • 2. Ball and socket joint: Moves in all directions
    • 3. Hinge Joint: Moves back and forth
    • 4. Gliding Joint: Slides
  27. Describe the levels of organization:
    Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up organ systems
  28. How do you identify a skeleton injury?
    You can use an X-ray to view the bone
  29. Contrast involuntary and voluntary muscles:
    Voluntary muscles is under conscious control and involuntary muscles are not under conscious control
  30. Describe the 3 muscles and their characteristics:
    1. Smooth Muscle- Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body

    2. Skeletal Muscle- A muscle thats attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones

    3. Cardiac Muscle- Muscle found only in the heart
  31. Describe the 4 tissues and their functions:
    • Muscle Tissue: Allows your body to move
    • Nervous Tissue: Enables you to see, hear, and think.
    • Connective Tissue: Connects and supports the parts of the body
    • Epithelial Tissue: Covers the surfaces of the body and lines your internal organs
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Card Set
Science Chapter 1 Study Guide
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Vocab and Concepts
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