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Describe the descent of the testicles as the animal matures.
- testes develop in the abdomen, and once fully developed, testes migrate through the inguinal canal d/t the pulling of the gubernaculum testis
- should occur by 6 months of age (if longer, considered cryptorchid)
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Why is migration of testis out of the abdomen essential for reproduction?
to decrease temperature for successful male gamete production
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What structures are contained within the spermatic cord?
- ductus deferens
- testicular a.v., n., and lymphatics
- mesoductus deferens
- mesorchium
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What is the advantage of closed castration?
leave fascia intact, so the vaginal cavity is not opened--> less chance of abdominal infection and peritonitis
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Why shouldn't you use too much force when pulling the testes out of the scrotum?
ureters are very closely associated with the ductus deferens--> too much force while exteriorizing testes may result in damage to ureters
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How do you disrupt the gubernaculum/ spermatic fascia?
strip is away from caudal to cranial (the spermatic cord is at the cranial edge, and this is what we clamp and ligate)
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What is the origin of the testes in the fetus?
caudal ridge of the kidney
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Cryptorchidism is...
heritable in dogs and cats (these animals should not be allowed to reproduce; orchipexy is unethical)
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Cryptorchidism leads to... (3)
- neoplasia!!!! (sertoli cell tumors most common; interstitial cell/ leydig cell tumors less common)
- testicular torsion
- urine spraying (cats)
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For inguinal and subQ crypt testicles, your approach is...
paramedian incision right on top of the testicle [if the testicle isn't in these locations, it's abdominal and you must prep for exploratory celiotomy]
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How do you locate an abdominal testicle?
go to aorta, find testicular a. and v. and follow this vessel to the testicle
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Describe the approach to scrotal ablation.
- scrotal and periscrotal prep
- elliptical incision around base of scrotum
- removed scrotal skin
- remove testes
- suture elliptical incision closed
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