Preventive Counselingand Control of Dental Caries

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The aim of health promotion and disease prevention is to

help each patient learn to accept responsibility for their oral health
How do you determine the patient's plaque score

Divide the number of surfaces of biofilm by the total number of surfaces x 100
An ideal biofilm score is about

10% or lower
Reducing the biofilm score by ______ is an attainable goal

half
________ is the most popular disclosing agent

Erythrosin
Food coloring agents used in erythrosin disclosing solutions are identified by the letters _______ followed by a _____
- FD&C (Food Dye & Cosmetic Act)
- number
Two-tone dyes such as ______ have an advantage of differentiating mature stains ______from new plaque biofilm stains _____
- (FD&C Red No. 3 & Green No. 3)
- (blue)
- (red)
When are the times that we do not use disclosing solution
- On teeth that have tooth-colored anterior restorations because these materials may be stained by disclosing agents
- Around anterior veneers and crowns (may stain at the margin)
- When a sealant is to be placed that day
What are the components of the Health Belief Model
- Perceived susceptibility – they are at risk of acquiring an illness or disease
- Perceived severity - the seriousness of the illness or disease if contracted
- Perceived benefits - the effectiveness of the recommended action to reduce the threat of the illness or disease
- Perceived barriers - the obstacles to performing the recommended health action
- Cues to action - the stimulus(events, people, or things) needed to accept a recommended health action
- Self-efficacy - the level of confidence in the ability to successfully perform a behavior. Self-efficacy is a factor in many behavioral theories because it directly relates to whether a person performs a behavior
What are the stages of the Stages of Change Model aka as the _________
- Transtheoretical Model
- 1.Precontemplation – no intention of making change
- 2.Contemplation – intends to change in next 6 months
- 3.Preparation – planning for change in immediate future
- 4.Action – practicing the new behavior < 6 months
- 5.Maintenance – practicing the new behavior > 6 months
- 6.Relapse – resumption of old behaviors
Research shows that _____% of information is forgotten within _____ of appointment
- 30-60%
- an hour
What is the spirit of MI
- Partnership
- Acceptance
- Compassion
- Evocation
What is evocation

draw motivation for change out of the patient
When change is hard it is often because of

Ambivalence
What are the Four Processes of MI
- Engaging
- Focusing
- Evoking
- Planning
The dental caries process involves
- –Microorganisms
- –Cariogenic diet
- –Salivary factors
- –Tooth resistance
Glycolysis is a metabolic process in which

glucose is converted to pyruvic acid
___________ are most active during the initial stages of demineralization and cavity formation, whereas the _________ are more active during the progression of the cavity
- Streptococcus mutans
- Lactobacilli
The response after exposure of dental plaque (biofilm) to a fermentable carbohydrate/sugar is the pH level in the mouth decreases rapidly for approximately

20 minutes
When a pH level of _____ is reached the demineralization process begins which is called the ______ level
- 5.5
- critical pH
The acid dissolves the ________ mineral in the subsurface of the enamel or dentin structure

calcium and phosphate
What are the three benefits that saliva provides

–It contains buffering agents (salivary bicarbonate, originating mainly from the parotid gland) that can neutralize the acids created by the bacteria (increase the pH)–Saliva contains minerals that must be present for the tooth remineralization process to occur (calcium and phosphate)–Saliva also contains antibacterial agents (e.g. fluoride) that inhibit the growth of oral bacteria
The mineral that is created during the remineralization process when fluoride is present is

fluoroapatite
It has been found that damage to tooth structure does not start occurring at a pH of 5.5 but a pH of ____ when fluoroapatite is present!!

4.5
Exposed root surfaces are more ________ and therefore making them more _______ than enamel. These surfaces also have a higher _______ content than enamel
- irregular and porous
- plaque-retentive
- organic
The pH level to initiate demineralization on root surfaces is _______

6.0 - 6.7