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Module 15 Study

  1. Gland
    A group of cells that prepare and release a chemical for use by the body
  2. Vaccine
    A weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies which can destroy the pathogen
  3. Hormone
    A chemical released in the bloodstream that sends signals to specific cells, causing them to change their behavior in specific ways
  4. Describe the main function of each of the three systems you studied in this module.
    • A. The lymphatic system fights disease.
    • B. The urinary system regulates water balance and chemical levels in the body.
    • C. The endocrine system controls various functions by releasing hormones.
  5. What two kinds of structures make up the lymphatic system? In which of these structures is the lymph actually cleaned?
    lymph vassals and lymph nodes. The lymph get cleaned in the lymph nodes.
  6. How does lymph get pumped through the lymphatic system?
    The contraction of certain muscles squeezes the lymph vessels, pumping lymph throughout the system.
  7. What gland produces tears? What two purposes do tears serve?
    The lacrimal glands produce tears. Tears clean the eye of contaminants and provide a chemical relief for sadness.
  8. What three kinds of cells in the lymph nodes fight infection?
    T-cells B-cells, and macrophages
  9. What kind of cell in the lymph nodes produces antibodies?
    B-cells
  10. What kind of cell helps the lymphatic system "remember" an infection so that it can fight the infection better the next time?
    Memory B-cells
  11. Does it do any good to take a vaccine once you are sick with the disease the vaccine is supposed to fight?
    It does little good
  12. Explain how a kidney functions. Start with the blood going into a kidney and end with it leaving the kidney.
    The renal artery brings blood into the kidney. This blood supplies oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the kidneys and picks up the cells' waste products. Then, the blood is filtered. The water and chemicals are dumped into tubes called nephrons. As the chemicals and water travel through the nephrons, cells absorb specific amounts of water and chemicals which get put back into the blood. Any water and chemicals left over gets sent to the renal pelvis and out of the kidney. The cleaned blood leaves through the renal vain.
  13. What does a kidney do with any access water or chemicals? Where do they go?
    Excess water and chemicals are dumped into the renal pelvis and then travel through the ureter to the bladder. Eventually, they leave the body through the urethra.
  14. What is the purpose of dialysis?
    Dialysis is the process by which a person is hocked up to an artificial kidney when their own kidneys are not functioning properly.
  15. Match the following glands with their function.

    hypothalamus
    d. controls the pituitary gland
  16. thyroid
    a. Produces hormones that regulate the basal metabolic rate
  17. pituitary gland
    e. Produces hormones that control many of the endocrine glands.
  18. adrenal
    b. Produces cortisol which causes the liver to release glucose into the blood.
  19. pancreas
    c. Produces insulin which enables glucose to enter the cells.
  20. which gland is often called the master endocrine gland?
    the pituitary gland
Author
eli80
ID
327321
Card Set
Module 15 Study
Description
science
Updated

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