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(OCCIPITO)FRONTALIS
- O: galea aponeurotica (dense fibrous tissue)
- I: muscles & skin of the eyebrow & root of the nose
- A: raises the eyebrows & wrinkles the forehead as in expressions of surprise or frightÂ
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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OCCIPITALIS
(OCCIPITOFRONTALIS)
(OCCIPITAL BELLY)
- O: lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line, EOP & mastoid process (temporal bone)
- I: galea aponeurotica (dense fibrous tissue) (posterior portion)
- A: pulls back scalp to raise eyebrows & wrinkles brow
- N: facial nerve (CN VII) - posterior auricular branch
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TEMPOROPARIETALIS
- O: temporal fascia above ear
- I: lateral border of galea aponeurotica
- A: elevation of ear, stabilizes galea aponeurotica
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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AURICULARIS
- O: anterior = galea aponeurotica; superior = galea aponeurotica; posterior = temporal bone
- I: anterior = anterior ear; superior = superior ear; posterior = posterior ear
- A: anterior = pulls anterior (protraction); superior = elevation of ear; posterior = pulls posterior (retraction)
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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ORBICULARIS OCULI
- O: orbital portion: maxillary process of he frontal bone & frontal process of the maxilla; palpebral portion: palpebral ligament; lacrimal portion: lacrimal crest of the lacrimal bone
- I: circumferentially around the orbit meeting at the origin
- A: closes eye tightly, squinting of the eye, depresses upper eyelid, elevates lower eyelid (palperal part)
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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CORREGATOR SUPERCILII
- O: medial end of the supercilliary arch (frontal bone just above medial eye - lateral to glabella)
- I: deep surface of skin above middle of orbital arch
- A: draws the eyebrow downward & medial, with vertical wrinkles in the forehead; "thinkers brow"
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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PROCERUS
- O: fascia covering lower part of the nasal bone & upper part of the lateral nasal cartilage
- I: into skin over lower part of the forehead b/w eyebrows
- A: pulls inner angle of the eyebrows downward & produces transverse wrinkles over bridge of the nose (look of 'disgust')
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS
- O: inner surface of lesser wing of the sphenoid
- I: skin of the eyelid, tarsal plate of the upper eyelid, orbital wall, and medial & lateral expansion of aponeurosis of the insertion
- A: raises the upper eyelids
- N: oculomotor nerve (CN III)
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NASALIS
- O: transverse part (superior) = above & lateral to incisive fossa of the maxilla; alar part (NASALISinferior) = maxilla
- I: transverse part (superior) = by aponeurosis w/ nasalis on the opposite side; alar part (inferior) = ala of nose
- A: : FLARE'S NOSTRILS transverse part (superior) = depresses cartilaginous part of the nose; alar part (inferior) = enlarges the nostrils
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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DEPRESSOR SEPTI NASI
- O: incisive fossa of maxilla
- I: ala & septum of the nose
- A: CONSTRICTS NOSTRILS; draws ala of nose downward to close (constrict) the nose
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS ALAEQUE NASI
- O: root of nasal process of the maxilla
- I: greater alar cartilage, skin of the nose, and lateral part of the upper lip
- A: raises & protrudes the upper lip ('horses face')
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS
- O: lower margin of the orbit
- I: orbicularis of the upper lip
- A: elevation & eversion of upper lip
- N: facial (CN VII)
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ZYGOMATICUS MINOR
- O: zygomatic bone (maxillary process)
- I: skin, muscles & fascia of upper lip (orbicularis oris)
- A: elevation & eversion of upper lip ('scary smile')
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR
- O: zygomatic bone in front of the temporal process
- I: angle of mouth (modiolus), blending with adjacent muscles
- A: draws angle of the mouth up & out, as in a smile
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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LEVATOR ANGULI ORIS
- O: canine fossa of the maxilla
- I: angle of the mouth, blending with the orbicularis oris
- A: depresses the nasolabial furrow, as in expressions of contempt or disdain
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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RISORIUS
- O: fascia over the masseter
- I: into skin at angle of the mouth
- A: retracts the angle of the mouth ('false smile')
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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BUCCINATOR
- O: maxilla & mandible (posterior alveolar processes') buccinator ridge of the mandible, and pterygomandibular raphe/ligament
- I: orbicularis oris at angle of the mouth (modiolus)
- A: compression of cheek against teeth
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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ORBICULARIS ORIS
- O: numerous strata of muscular fibers surrounding the mouth; derived in part form other facial muscles
- I: into skin & mucous membrane of the lips, blending with other muscles
- A: closes lips & protrudes them forward (eating/drinking/talking)
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
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