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Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Delusions of Grandeur
- Delusions of Persecution
- Hallucinations
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Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Avolition - Severe lack of initiative or motivation
- Alogia - Poverty of speech
- Anhedonia - Inability to feel pleasure
- Flat affect
- Asociality
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Disorganized symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Disorganized speech
- Inappropriate affect
- Disorganized behavior
- Catatonic immobility
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Types of Schizophrenia or Schizophrenia disorders
- Schizophrenia - > 6 Months
- Schizophreniform disorder - Acute, 1-6 months
- Brief Psychotic disorder - Acute, <1month
- Schizoaffective disorder - Symptoms of both Schizophrenia and mood disorders, meets criteria for neither
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Schizophrenia prevalence and sex ratio
- 0.2% to 1.5%
- Eqaually men and women
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Schizophrenia onset
Late teens and early thirties
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Factors positively affecting Schizophrenia prognosis
- Premorbid adjustment
- Acute onset
- Later age of onset
- Gender, Female
- Precipitating event(s)
- Family history or lack thereof
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Evidence of genetic basis of Schizophrenia
- 10-15% Siblings, children
- 5% One parent
- 40% Both parents
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Environmental causes of Schizophrenia
- Low socioeconomic status (3X)
- Poor family contact, affect relapse
- Cultural variations; high in some cultures, low in others
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Schizophrenia medications
- Antipsychotics - Risperidone, Olanzapine etc
- Phenothiazines - Reduces Dopminergic activity
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Psychological/Behavioural treatments of Schizophrenia
- Social Skills Training
- Family education
- Coping strategies (gum)
- Community support
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