Blood clotting is an example of positive or negative feedback?
Positive
Temperature regulation is an example of positive or negative feedback?
Negative
When we are frightened, this part of the brain raises our vitals.
Medulla
T or F: reticular formation is responsible for our arousal
True
What stage are we in when our body is trying to reduce the effects of adrenaline?
Resistance stage
T or F: the Parasympathetic redirects the blood flow to the skeletal muscle, which also increases our vitals.
False: The sympathetic does this
Based on the actions of the hypothalamus, I would expect
C. Blood pressure to increase and urine output to decrease
Which part of the brain increases ADH and causes peripheral vasoconstriction?
the Hypothalamus
How do our hands become cold under constant stress?
During stress, the hypothalamus directs posterior pituitary to increase ADH:
- this causes water retention, but also peripheral vasoconstriction that causes the cold hands.
How does cortisol affect our body?
Released from the Adrenal Cortex by the Ptuitary, it amplifies SNS effects (HR, BP, glucose production)
Does a patient with depression and low self-esteem more likely to have high or low cortisol?
High
What is the function of Aldosterone?
Increase sodium, water retention, and K excretion
T or F: during an acute episodic stress related event, all immunity is suppressed.
False: Though general effect of stress is immune suppression, certain immune cells like NKCs and cytokines are increased.
How can stress cause GI issues?
Stress response shunts blood away from skin and abdomen. When this occurs, the protective barrier in the stomach can lead to ulceration and bleeding from the stomach's acid.
What drugs are given to people who have stress related GERD to help with ulcers.
Ranitidine and Pantoprozole (Proton pump inhibitors)
Primary appraisal is:
A. Evaluating an event for its personal meaning
Secondary Appraisal is:
A. focuses on possible coping strategies
Coping is:
A. person's effort to manage stress and use adaptive behaviors
This type of defense mechanism to deal with stress that is psychological is called ____.
Ego-defense mechanism
"When a person suppresses a stressful feeling, and transforms it into something else, like insomnia or loss of appetite for example"
What is this term?
A. conversion
Transferring stressful emotions into an object, like using a punching bag, is called:
B. displacement
a return to a former or less developed state as a way to escape present anxieties is:
B. regression
This is a mental process that causes a lack of connection in a person’s thoughts, memory and sense of identity:
A. dissociation
This kind of amnesia is when a person tends to forget events associated with the stressor
B. depersonalization
This is when someone has a feeling that one's surroundings are not real.
B. derealization
What are two types of medications used to help treat PTSD?
SSRI (antidepressants) and anxiolytics (anti-anxiety)
