-
A pervasive pattern of disregard for and the violation of rights of others.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
-
Difficulty sustaining attention on a task or activity which often leaves tasks unfinished.
ADHD
-
A neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how one perceives and socializes with others.
Autistic Spectrum
-
Major depressive episodes alternate with hypomanic episodes rather than full manic episodes.
Bipolar II disorder
-
Major depressive episodes alternate with a full manic episode.
Bipolar I disorder
-
A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, affects and control over impulses.
Borderline Personality Disorder
-
An eating disorder involving recurrent episodes of uncontrolled excessive binge eating followed by actions to remove the food.
Bulimia Nervose
-
Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type:
Aphasia
Difficulties with articulating speech
-
Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type:
Both recall and recognition are impaired
Memory
-
Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type:
Visuospatial Skills
Impaired
-
Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type:
Mood
less severe depression and anxiety
-
Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type:
Motor Speed
normal
-
Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type:
Coordination
normal until late in the progression.
-
Involuntary urination, especially by children at night.
Enuresis
-
Nonexistent physical or psychological disorder deliberately faked for no apparent gain except possibly sympathy and attention.
Factitious Disorder
-
Medical conditions that can be directly attributed to the use of a substance.
Substance Induced Disorders
-
Anxiety disorder characterized by intense, uncontrollable, unfocused, chronic, and continuous worry that is distressing and unproductive, accompanied by physical symptoms of tenseness, irritability, and restlessness.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
-
A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
-
A mild form of mania, marked by elation and hyperactivity
hypomania
-
Single of recurrent episode mood disorder involving one or more major depressive episodes.
major depression disorder
-
Most common and severe experience of depression, including feelings of worthlessness, disturbances in bodily activities such as sleep, loss of interest, and inability to experience pleasure, persisting at least two weeks.
major depressive episode
-
A diagnosis received when one achieves a significantly below-average scores on a test of intelligence and by limitations in the ability to function in areas of daily life.
Intellectual Disability
-
A pervasive pattern of grandiosity in fantasy or behavior, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
-
Involving unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses, as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them.
OCD
-
Enduring, distressing emotional disorder that follows exposure to severe helplessness or a fear-inducing threat. The victim re-experiences the trauma, avoids stimuli associated with it, and develops a numbing of responsiveness and an increased vigilance and arousal.
PTSD
-
Psychotic disorder featuring symptoms of both schizophrenia and major mood disorder.
Schizoaffective Disorder
-
Devastating psychotic disorder that may involve characteristic disturbances in thinking (delusions), perception (hallucinations), speech, emotions, and behavior.
Schizophrenia
-
Excessive, enduring fear in some individuals that harm will come to them or their loved ones when they are apart.
Separation Anxiety Disorder
-
Extreme, enduring, irrational fear and avoidance of social or performance situations.
Social Phobia
-
Maladaptive pattern of substance use characterized by the need for increased amounts to achieve the desired effect, negative physical effects when the substance is withdrawn, unsuccessful efforts to control its use, and substantial effort expanded to seek it or recover from its effects.
Addiction
-
Believed that human nature reaches its fullest potential when we contribute to the welfare of other individuals and to society as a whole.
Alfred Adler
-
Depression was influenced by:
- The cognitive triad (of negative automatic thinking)
- Negative self-schemas
- Errors in logic (i.e. faulty information processing)
-
Rapid or sudden release of emotional tension thought to be an important factor in psychoanalytic therapy.
Catharsis
-
An event that automatically elicits a response is paired with another stimulus event that does not (a neutral stimulus). After repeated pairings, the neutral pairings, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that by itself can elicit the desired response.
Operant Conditioning
-
Fundamental behavioral learning process in which responses are modified by their consequences (reinforcers, punishers, extinction, and so on).
Classical Conditioning
-
You might see only the extremes of things, never the middle.
Black or white thinking
Dichotomous Thinking
-
The application of the laws of operant conditioning to establish the relationships between stimuli and responses.
Functional Analysis
-
Modern development in psychodynamic theory involving the study of how children incorporate the memories and values of people who are close and important to them.
Object Relations Theory
-
Ethics Code
Standard 1 – resolving ethical issues Standard 2 – Competence Standard 3 – Human Relations Standard 4 – Privacy and Confidentiality Standard 5 – Advertising and Other Public Statements Standard 6 – Record Keeping and Fees Standard 7 – Education & training Standard 8 – Research & Publication Standard 9 – Assessment Standard 10 – Therapy
-
4 parts of competency
- Technical Knowledge
- Social Skills
- Diversity Competence
- Emotional Competency
-
Suicide Risk
- IDEAL or SHAPE
- identify
- develop alternatives
- evaluate options
- Act
- look back
-
Refers to employment practices that appear neutral but have a discriminatory effect on a protected group. Adverse Impact may occur in hiring, promotion, training and development, transfer, layoff, and even performance appraisals.
Adverse Impact
-
A civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public.
Americans with Disabilities Act
-
Consists of a standardized evaluation of behavior based on multiple evaluations including: job-related simulations, interviews, and/or psychological tests.
Assessment Centers
-
Normally presented vertically with scale points ranging from five to nine. It is an appraisal method that aims to combine the benefits of narratives, critical incidents, and quantified ratings by anchoring a quantified scale with specific narrative examples of good, moderate, and poor performance.
Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales
-
Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
-
Allows an employee to work a traditional 35-40-hour workweek in less than the traditional number of workdays. Many compressed work schedule options may be negotiated. For Example, a full-time employee scheduled for 40 hours per week could work four 10-hour days instead of five 8-hour days.
Compressed Work Week
-
Focuses on determining whether the distribution of resources is fair to both relational partners. Equity is measured by comparing the ratio of contributions (or costs) and benefits (or rewards) for each person.
Equity Theory
-
Proposes an individual will behave or act in a certain way because they are motivated to select a specific behavior over other behaviors due to what they expect the result of that selected behavior will be.
Expectancy Theory
-
Researcher Edwin Locke found that individuals who set specific, difficult goals performed better than those who set general, easy goals.
Goal-Setting Theory
-
Arises when bounds link members of a social group to one another and to the group as a whole. Although cohesion is a multi-faceted process, it can be broken down into four main components: social relations, task relations, perceived unity, and emotions.
Group Cohesiveness
-
The tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members.
Group Polarization
-
a situation faced when individuals collectively make a choice from the alternatives before them. The decision is then no longer attributable to any single individual who is a member of the group.
Group Decision-Making
-
Irving Janis, occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of “mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment”.
Group Think
-
The tendency for an impression created in one area to influence opinion in another area.
Halo Effect
-
The maintenance of desired level of quality in a service or product, especially by means of attention to every stage of the process of delivery or production.
Quality Assurance
-
A way of confirming how accurate a test or measure is by giving it to the same subject more than once and determining if there’s correlation which is the strength of the relationship and similarity between two scores.
Reliability Coefficient
-
The phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when they work alone.
Social Loafing
-
A system of management based on the principle that every staff member must be committed to maintaining high standards of work in every aspect of a company’s operations.
Total Quality Management
-
Group together (connected items or words) so that they can be stored or processed as single concepts.
chunking
-
The ability to give the “correct” answer to standard questions that do not require significant creativity.
convergent thinking
-
A memory technique that involves thinking about the meaning of the term to be remembered, as opposed to simply repeating the word to yourself over and over.
elaborative rehearsal
-
The memory of autobiographical events (times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual who, what, when, where, why knowledge) that can be explicitly stated.
Episodic Memory
-
Requires conscious thought
explicit memory
-
Doesn’t require conscious thought
Implicit memory
-
occurs in learning when there is an interaction between the new material and transfer effects of past learned behavior, memories or thoughts that have a negative influence in comprehending the new material.
Inference
-
when you do something because you enjoy it or find it interesting
intrinsic motivation
-
doing something for external rewards or to avoid negative consequences.
Extrinsic
-
A condition in which a person suffers from a sense of powerlessness, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed. It is thought to be one of the underlying causes of depression.
Learned helplessness
-
a neurological process that involves gradually converting information from STM into LTM.
Memory consolidation
-
The interference of one perceptual stimulus with another, causing an overall decrease in effectiveness of perception.
Perceptual Masking
-
Portion of LTM that processes ideas and concepts that are not drawn from personal experience.
Semantic Memory
-
The ability to retain impressions of sensory information after the original stimuli have ended.
Sensory Memory
-
The capacity for holding, but not manipulating, a small amount of information in mind in an active, readily available state for a short period of time.
STM
-
Part of the STM that is concerned with immediate conscious perceptual and linguistic processing
Working Memory
-
the ability to adjust to new information and experiences.
Adaptation
-
We take in new information or experiences and incorporate them into our existing ideas.
Assimilation
-
the phenomenon of adolescents’ inability to distinguish between their perception of what others think about them and what people actually think in reality.
Adolescent Egocentrism
-
Ecological Systems Theory of Child Development
- Microsystem
- Mesosystem
- Exosystem
- Macrosystem
- Chronosystem
-
Piaget's Stages of Development
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete Operational
- Formal Operational
-
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Physiological
- Safety
- Love/Belonging
- Esteem
- Self-Actualization
-
Parenting Styles
- Authoritative
- Neglectful
- Permissive
- Authoritarian
-
incorrect retention of the null hypothesis. False negative. You fail to see an effect that is actually present in the experiment
Type 2 error
-
incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis. A false positive. Detecting an effect that is not present in the experiment.
Type 1 error
-
a z score which has been multiplied by 10 and then adding 50.
T-Score
-
a tool for measuring differences between complex, non-numeric variables.
Factor Analysis
-
have two levels and no more. A common example is male and female. Or perhaps left and right. It can be those two things and nothing else.
Dichotomous Variables
-
the average of the squared deviance from the mean. How far from the mean the score deviates, squared.
Variance
-
any item that can be measured or counted. Can also be a data item, an item, etc. What we test for to see if it changes in tests.
Variables
-
the distance to which points in a statistical distribution differ from the mean (average) of the points. The four common measures of variability are range, mean, variance, and standard deviation.
Variability
-
the measure of how correct or exact the implications drawn from the data are. In other words, how well does this translate to life in a usable manner?
Validity
-
for tests that have a causal relationship, shows the validity between the two variables tested.
internal validity
-
When the relationship between the variables can be taken and used on a different population or set of variables accurately.
External Validity
-
the test employed reaches the right statistical conclusion, whether that is rejecting the null or accepting it. If the result is correct to the data, then it is conclusion valid.
Conclusion Validity
-
How well the method being used represents the construct that it is being used to measure. For example, measuring liquid in inches is not correct: use a liquid measure like ounces.
Construct validity
-
a test designed to measure the mean of one distribution against the mean of another distribution. Does so by comparing the means of the groups to determine if they are statistically different from each other.
t-test
-
fitting a construct to a data. This is done specifically in psychology to understand non-observable variables by observable variables. Think of emotions. One cannot see or measure anger, but can use violence as a measure to quantify it. That is what SEM does.
Structural Equation modeling
-
the measure of a scores relationship to the rest of the scores in a distribution. Can be zero, meaning it is the same as the mean of the distribution, or positive and negative depending on If it is above or below the mean, which also indicates how many standard deviations away it is.
Standard Score (Z-score)
-
measures the accuracy with which a sample represents a population from a bell curve. It is an interval estimate of the standard deviation from the mean.
Standard error
-
neither the experimenter or the participants have any ide which group they belong to in a study, experimental or control. The key that tells this information is kept by a third party til the end of the experiment, when it is given to the experimenter.
Double-blind design
-
statistical method to determine difference between two or more variables.
ANOVA
-
a test in which a baseline is followed by a treatment, then a return to baseline, then having the treatment again.
ABAB design
-
when a person derives their self worth from a group in which they belong. Prevalent in high school: jocks, geeks, etc.
Social Identity Theory
-
performing differently in front of others than when alone. This can manifest in increased or decreased performance by an individual. Think about stage fright.
Social Facilitation
-
one wants to be verified in their beliefs and feel secure in who they are via others confirming their values and beliefs, so critique could cause quite an issue.
Social verification theory
-
saying positive things happened because of oneself, whereas negative things occurred because of outside factors.
Self-serving bias
-
perceiving a relationship between variables when no such relationship actually exists.
Illusory Correlation
-
an impression created in one area influences impressions in others. A nice room in a house makes the whole house nicer.
Halo effect
-
Blaming an issue too much on what a person is like, and not enough on the situation you are in. Ex: grumpy waitress.
Fundamental Attribution Error
-
How well one can achieve a high school with no time limit
Power test
-
How well one can do a task repeatedly in a limited span of time
Speed Tests
-
handles all sensory input before it passes to the brain, as well as exerting some control over the motor functions of the body.
thalamus
-
controls instinct and mood as well as baser emotions. Commonly known as the emotional center
Limbic system
-
coordinates and regulates muscular activity
Cerebellum
-
linked to the thalamus and are involved in coordination of movement with sight
basal ganglia
-
encourages the transference of neurotransmitters to increase their function
agonist
-
decreases the function of neurotransmitters by blocking their dispersal or blocking connecting sites.
antagonist
-
Losses of sensory information
agnosia
|
|
