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“science of healing and the art of caring”
Physical Therapy
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Physical Therapy
- Restore, maintain, and promote optimal physical function, wellness, quality of life.
- Prevent the onset, symptoms, and progression of impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities
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Essential role and integral part in health care delivery system
Physical Therapy
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Positive impact on health related quality of life and is well accepted.
Covered by federal, state, and private insurance plans
Physical Therapy
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Covered by federal, state, and private insurance plans
Physical Therapy
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80 B.C.-developed as a form of therapeutic exercise
gymnastics
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Hippocrates recognized value of muscle strengthening using exercises
400 B.C.
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Therapeutic massage, hydrotherapy, therapeutic exercise first used
3000 B.C. China and 400 B.C. Greece and Rome
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“Scope of Practice”
physical therapy is the care and services provided by or under the direction and supervision of a physical therapist
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Examining individuals with impairments, functional limitations, disabilities • Alleviating impairments and functional limitations • Preventing injury, impairment, functional limitation, disability • Engaging in consultation, education, and research
"scope of practice"
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Impairments
a loss or abnormality of physiological, psychological, or anatomical function.
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Functional limitation
loss of motion (range) due to an impairment
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Inability to conduct normal activities in society due functional limitations
Disability
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therapeutic exercise introduced to schools as physical education and first books published on exercise
Europe 1400-1500’s
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When was rehab treatments such as massage, hydrotherapy, exercise first introduced in the U.S.?
In the 1700's
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Who developed Swedish exercises/gymnastics incorporating both active and passive movements?
Per Henrik Ling in the 1800's
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Gustav Zander
Developed exercise apparatus in the 1800's
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Physical Therapy evolved around two historical events:
Poliomyelitis epidemics of late 1800s through 1950s and the aftermath of wars (injuries and amputees)
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First trained healthcare workers charged with caring for soldiers who survived their injuries during World War I
Reconstruction Aides
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The first class of physical therapists graduates were called
Reconstruction Aides
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When and where did Physical Therapy begin in the US?
1914 in Portland, Oregon with Reed College and Walter Reed Hospital
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When was the School of Physiotherapy at the University of Otago in New Zealand?
1913
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Earliest documented origins of actual physical therapy-Chartered Society of Physiotherapy
1894
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Who "put idea to practice" and developed training techniques for ambulation with crutches
Wilhelme Wright in the 1900's
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“Muscle training was the most important early therapeutic measure for polio treatment”
Dr. Robert Lovet
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Installed first metal tank in hospital for hydrogymnastic use in 1928
Carl Hubbard
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Published Essentials of Body Mechanics in 1934
Joel E. Goldthwait
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1938 Daniel Leithauser, MD discovered the benefits of ____________on recovery following medical procedures (no more bedrest!!)
early mobility
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1947 _______________ developed for patients prescribed__________________
“Convalescent Centers”, “reconditioning exercises"
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When were manipulative procedures introduced?
Early 1950’s
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What had a significant effect on the Physical Therapy's autonomy?
Salk’s polio vaccine in 1955 virtually eradicated the disease. Physical therapists began to focus on managing other disabling conditions
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Late 1950’s: physical therapy moved beyond hospitals into __________, ___________, _________ (SNFs), ________ centers.
outpatient clinics, public schools, geriatrics (SNFs), rehab
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What furthered the practice of physical therapy?
The amendment to the Social Security Act in 1956 and the creation of the Medicare program
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What led to Physical therapy educational programs being awarded Bachelor’s degrees and a seven-hour competency exam?
The amendment to the Social Security Act in 1956
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When did specializations begin to occur starting with Orthopedics?
Early 1970’s
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When did physical therapy education transition to a Master’s degree?
in the late 1970’s
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What change occurred to the physical therapy education program in the late 1900's?
Transitioned to a Doctorate degree
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Doctorate Physical Therapy degrees confer ____________point of service for movement-related disorders
“front-line”
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In ______ the American Physical Therapy Associate House of Delegates voted to establish a newly formed paraprofessional,__________
1964, the physical therapist assistant
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When was the first physical therapist assistant education program established?
1967
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Skilled technical healthcare provider who had completed an educational program approved by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA)
Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA)
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Created a shortage of healthcare workers in the 1960’s
Expansion of healthcare services that resulted from the Medicare program and Social Security amendments
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PTA education prepares the graduate to perform selected components of intervention and data collection and assess the patient's/client's safety and response to the interventions provided under the direction and supervision of the physical therapist in an ethical, legal, safe, and effective manner. Additionally, graduates of PTA programs must be prepared to communicate with other members of the health care deliver team; interact with members of the patient's/client's family and caregivers; and work cooperatively with other health care providers
APTA, 2013, para. 2
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Specific laws and regulations for the PTA are outlined in every state’s _________, which provides clear supervision requirements
Practice Act
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In the state of Georgia, the physical therapist must be available to the physical therapist assistant at all times, the actual on-site requirement is only____ of the workweek.
25%
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What is the APTA?
The American Physical Therapy Association
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Promotes excellence in practice, research, education, and advocacy • Shapes government policies for how PTs and PTAs practice, including scope of practice and billing practices
The American Physical Therapy Association
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Its purpose is to improve the health and quality of individual lives by advancing physical therapy practic
The American Physical Therapy Association
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Formed to empower the PT profession to become more involved in determination of federal laws and policies
Physical Therapy Political Action Committee (PT-PAC)
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AFTA vision statement:
Transforming society by optimizing movement to improve the human experience.
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1921 _______, PT formed the first professional association, the American Women’s Physical Therapeutic Association that included ____ chartered members.
Mary McMillan, 274
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Name changed to the American Physiotherapy Association
End of 1930’s
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Late 1940’s: name changed to the _________ _________ _________ __________.
American Physical Therapy Association
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First office with a full-time staff opened in
New York City, 1940's
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House of Delegate established....
• Highest policy-making body of the association • Established to set APTA policies
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In the 1960’s, APTA membership reached almost ________and number of education programs grew to ___.
15,000, 52
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Where is APTA Headquarters located now?
Alexandria, VA
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How many physical therapy programs are there today? • How many physical therapist assistant programs are established today?
180 PT and 236 PTA
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ABPTS
American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties
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APTA’s goal
To foster advancements in physical therapy practice, research, and education
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The principal membership organization representing and promoting the profession of physical therapy, is to further the profession's role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of movement dysfunctions and the enhancement of the physical health and functional abilities of members of the public.
APTA Mission statement
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