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The lymphatic system is part of the _____ and consist of ______
- immune system
- vessels, nodes, ducts, and tonsils
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The lymphatic vessels are a system of
channels that parallel the venous blood vessels
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The lymph nodes are
bean-shaped bodies grouped in clusters along the connecting lymphatic vessels
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Positioned beside the lymphatic vessels, the lymph nodes
filter toxic products from the lymph to prevent their entry into the vascular system
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lymph nodes are part of the lymphatic system, which is part of the
immune system that includes the thymus and spleen
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The lymph nodes are composed of and are also involved in the production of ______
- organized lymphoid tissue and contain lymphocytes
- lymphocytes
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The lymph flows into the lymph node by way of
afferent vessels
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On one side of the node is a depression or _____, where the lymph flows out of the node by way of a ______
- hilus
- single efferent vessel
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lymph nodes they can be classified as either
primary or secondary
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Lymph from a particular region first drains into a _______ and in turn, drain into a _______
- primary node (regional node or master node)
- secondary node (central node)
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Tonsils consist of _____ and like lymph nodes contain _____
- masses of lymphoid tissue
- lymphocytes
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In the outer tissue of the body, smaller lymphatic vessels containing lymph converge into _______, which empty into the ______
- larger lymphatic ducts
- venous system of the blood in the thorax (chest area)
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The lymphatic system of the right side of the head and neck converges by way of the _______, joining the lymphatic system from the ______ to form the _____, which drains into the venous component at the junction of _______ and ____
- right jugular trunk
- right arm and thorax (chest)
- right lymphatic duct
- the right subclavian and right internal jugular veins
-
The lymphatic vessels of the left side of the head and neck converge into the ______, actually a short vessel, and then into the _____, which joins the venous component at the junction of the _______
- left jugular trunk
- thoracic duct
- left subclavian and left internal jugular veins
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The thoracic duct is ____ than the right lymphatic duct because it drains ______
- much larger
- the lymph from the entire lower half of the body
-
lymphadenopathy
increase in size and change in consistency of the lymphoid tissue
-
lymphadenitis commonly occurs in microbial infections such as
Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes infections locally with tonsillar or oral abscesses as well as systemically with mononucleosis or HIV infections
-
Infectious mononucleosis is caused by
the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
-
metastasis
Spread of cancer from the original or primary site to another or secondary site
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What are the five groups of paired superficial lymph nodes are located in the head and all drain into the _______
- occipital
- posterior auricular
- anterior auricular
- superficial parotid
- facial
- deep cervical nodes
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The occipital lymph nodes are located
on the posterior base of the head in the occipital region
-
The posterior auricular nodes are located _____ where ______
- posterior to each auricle and external acoustic meatus
- where the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle inserts on the mastoid process
-
The anterior auricular lymph nodes are located
immediately anterior to each tragus
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The posterior auricular, anterior auricular, and superficial parotid nodes drain
the external ear, lacrimal gland, and adjacent regions of the scalp and face
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These facial nodes are further categorized into four subgroups
the malar, nasolabial, buccal, and mandibular
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Nodes in the ______ are the malar lymph nodes
infraorbital region
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Nodes located along the ________ are the nasolabial lymph nodes
nasolabial sulcus
-
Nodes _______ are the buccal lymph nodes
around the labial commissure and just superficial to the buccinator muscle
-
Nodes _______ are the mandibular lymph nodes
in the tissue superior to the surface of the mandible and anterior to the masseter muscle,
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Each facial node subgroup _____ where the nodes are located
drains the skin and mucous membranes
-
These deep nodes of the face include the
deep parotid and retropharyngeal lymph nodes
-
The deep parotid nodes drain the
middle ear, auditory tube, and parotid salivary gland
-
retropharyngeal lymph nodes drain the
and are posterior to the palate, pharynx, paranasal sinuses, and nasal cavity
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The four groups of superficial cervical lymph nodes include
- submental
- submandibular
- external jugular
- anterior jugular
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The submandibular lymph nodes are located
at the inferior border of the mandibular ramus, just superficial to the submandibular salivary gland
-
The ________ are the primary nodes for most of the teeth and associated tissue, except the maxillary third molars with ______ and mandibular incisors with _______
- submandibular nodes
- superior deep cervical nodes
- submental nodes
-
The external jugular lymph are located
along the external jugular vein, superficial to the SCM muscle
-
The deep cervical lymph nodes are located
along the length of the internal jugular vein
-
The deep cervical nodes can be divided into two groups where ____ : ______ and ______
- the omohyoid muscle crosses the internal jugular vein
- the superior and inferior deep cervical lymph nodes
-
The inferior deep cervical lymph nodes are a continuation of the
superior deep cervical group
-
In addition to the deep cervical lymph nodes are the
accessory and supraclavicular node groups
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The accessory lymph nodes drain ______ and then drain into the
- the scalp and neck regions
- supraclavicular nodes
-
all the tonsils drain into the _______, particularly affecting the _______ if there is an infection in the region
- superior deep cervical lymph nodes
- jugulodigastric lymph node
-
The lingual tonsil is located
on the dorsal surface of the base of the tongue
-
The pharyngeal tonsil is located
______ and also called the _______
- on the midline of the posterior wall or roof of the nasopharynx
- adenoids
-
The tubal tonsil is also located
in the nasopharynx
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