PSYB10 - chapter 2

the tendency to believe that you could have predicted some outcome which in fact you couldn't have predicted accurately

is a prediction about what will happen under particular circumstances

a body of related propositions intended to describe some aspect of the world

research that does not involve random assignment to different situations, or conditions, and that psychologists conduct to determine whether there is a relationship between the variables

in social psychology, research that randomly assigns people to different conditions, or situations and that enables researchers to make strong inferences about how these different conditions affect behaviour

in correlational research, a problem that arises when the participant, rather than the researcher, selects his or her level on each variable, bringing with this value unknown other properties that make causal interpretation of a relationship difficult

assigning participants in experimental research to different groups randomly, so they are as likely to be assigned to one condition to another

a condition comparable to the experimental condition in every way except that it lacks the one ingredient hypothesized to produce the expected effect on the dependent variable

a naturally occurring event or phenomenon having somewhat different conditions that can be compared with almost as much rigor as in experiments where the investigator manipulates the conditions

an indication of how well the results of a study generalize to contexts besides those of the study itself

takes place in the real world, usually with participants who are unaware they are involved i a research study at all

requires that only the manipulated variable could have produced the results

may involve directly asking participants whether they understand the instructions and whether they find the setup to be reasonable

refers to the degree to which a measure gives the same result on repeated occasions, or the degree to which two measuring instruments

refers to the correlation between some measure and some outcome the measure is supposed to predict

the tendency for extreme scores to be followed by, or to accompany, less extreme scores

a measure of the probability a given result could have occurred by chance

is concerned with trying to understand some phenomenon in its own right, rather than using finding to solve a particular real-world problem

is concerned with solving a real-world problem of importance

the reproducing of research results by the original investigator or by someone else

a committee that examines research proposals and makes judgments about their ethical appropriateness

their agreement to participate in light of their knowledge about all relevant aspects of the procedure

research in which the participants are misled about the purposed of the research or the meaning of something that is done by them