The mammalian nervous system

Vertebrate nervous systems

CNS

PNS

The peripheral nervous system breaks into what two divisions

Sensory division breaks into _______ sensory & ______ sensory

General functions of the somatic sensory

Special functions of the somatic sensory

General functions of the visceral sensory

Special functions of the visceral sensory

Efferent division breaks into what two systems

Somatic nervous system is responsible for

ANS is responsible for

ANS breaks into

PNS is basically all _____ & ____ outside the CNS. None of it is encased in _____

The main function of PNS is to connect _____ & ______ to the CNS

ANS is the output of the _____ that controls ______ functions

ANS has two division that work in _____. One will ______ a function while the other _____ it.

_______ & ______ divisions are distinguished by anatomy, neurotransmitters and their actions

Autonomic efferent pathways begin with ______ ______ that use ACh and have cell bodies in the ______ or _____ ____

The ______ ______ synapse on a 2nd neuron outside the CNS, in a collection of neurons called a _____

The second neuron is ________, its axon leaves the ganglion and synapses in the target _____

Postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division are mostly _____

Sympathetic postganglionic neurons are _______; use norepinephrine as their neurotransmitter

Target cells respond in opposite ways to _______ & _______. State an example

The ____ region contains preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic region

The ______ & _____ regions contain sympathetic preganglionic neurons

The sympathetic division is specialized to innervate the _______ response in the ______ gland

Preganglionic sympathetic neurons send axons to the ______ under extreme conditions, like a bear attack.

Hormone-secreting cells in the adrenal are actually _____ neurons. They secrete ______ that act as hormones into the circulation.

Nerve

The ______ part of the PNS carries sensory information to the CNS

The ____ part of the PNS carries information from the CNS to muscles and glands

3 characteristics of the spinal cord

The anatomy of the spinal cord can be broken down into _____ & ____ matter

Gray matter

White matter

Spinal nerves extend from the _____ ____

Name 4 parts of the brain the medulla oblongata uses to controls autonomic functions

5 functions of the pons

4 functions of the midbrain

2 functions of the cerebellum

What type of motor control does the cerebellum exert (4)

Certain forms of ________ ______ involve the atrophy of the cerebellum

3 feautures of spinocerebellar ataxia

_______ transfers short term memory to long term memory

_______ is critical for fear and fear memory

The _____ _____ are gray matter centers that surround the thalamus on both sides of the brain

The basal nuclei moderate _______ movements directed by _____ _____ in the cerebrum

Damage to basal nuclei can affect the planning and fine-tuning of the _____ _____. State an example

Where do we find basal ganglia?

The three parts of the basal ganglia

Basal ganglia are basically complex _____ _____. They cooperate with the _____ ______ in controlling movement

Basal ganglia receive input from many ______ areas.

_______ ______ influences basal ganglia

The diencephalon forms the ______ _____ of the ______. It is surrounded by the _______ _______. It borders the _____ ventricle and is primarily composed of ______ _____.

The structures that make up the diencephalon

4 structures that make up thalamic nuclei:

The hypothalamus lies between the ____ ____ and the ______ _____

______ gland projects inferiorly from the hypothalamus

The hypothalamus contains approximately how many nuclei

The hypothalamus is the main ____ ____ center of the body aka?

_________ _______ projects to the posterior pituitary releasing oxytocin and ADH

The nuclei of the hypothalamus that project toward the anterior pituitary release ______ _______ hormone and _____ _____ hormone.

The cerebrum is the dominant structure in ________.

Cerebral cortex

2 prominent features of the cerebral cortex

The association cortex is part of the _____ cortex. Association cortex is made up of areas that integrate or associate ______ information or _______.

State the 4 cortical lobes of the cerebral cortex

The temporal lobe receives and processes _____ information

In the frontal lobe, you will find the _____ sulcus, which divides the _____ & _____ lobes

8 functions associated with the frontal lobe

The primary motor cortex is located in front of the _____ _____ and controls ______ in specific body areas

6 functions associated with the parietal lobe

The occipital lobe receives and process _____ information

The association areas of the occipital lobes involve making sense of the _____ world & translating _____ experience into _____.

Broca's area

Wrenicke's area (location/ definition)

Speech commands are formulated in _______ area, travel to ______ area, and then to the ______ _____ cortex for production