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Micro Vocab Chap 4
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prokaryotes
a cell whose genetic material is not enclosed in a nuclear envelope
binary fission
prokaryotic cell reproduction by division into two daughter cells
eukaryotes
a cell having DNA inside a distinct membrane-enclosed nucleus
coccus
a spherical or ovoid bacterium
bacillus
any rod shaped bacterium
diplococci
a pair of cocci
streptococci
a chain of cocci
staphylococci
grapelike cluster of cocci
vibrio
a curved or comma-shaped bacterium
spirilla / spirochete
a helical or corkscrew-shaped bacterium
monomorphic
maintaining a single shape
axial filament/endoflagella
the structure for motility found in spirochetes
fimbriae
an appendage on a bacterial cell used for attachment
conjugation pili
an appendage on a bacterial cell used for conjugation
cell wall
the outer covering of most bacterial, fungal, algal, and plant cells
peptidoglycan
the structural molecule of bacterial cell walls
porin
a type of protein in the outer memrane of gram-negative cell walls that permits the passage of small molecules
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
a molecule consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide, forming the outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls
plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane
the selectively permeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell the outer layer in animal cells, internal to the cell wall in other organisms
cytoplasm
the substance of a cell inside the plasma membrane (but external to the nucleus in eukaryotes)
nucleoid
area containing the circular bacterial chromosome
plasmid
small extrachromosomal circular double stranded piece of DNA
ribosomes
site of protein synthesis in cells
inclusions
reserve deposit of material in a prokaryotic cell
endospores
a specialized "resting" form of some prokaryotic cells
pleomorphic
can have many shapes
capsule
an outer, viscous covering on some bacteria composed of a polysaccharide or polypeptide
flagella
a thin appendage from the surface of a cell; used for cellular locomotion
motility / taxis
the ability of an organism to move by itself, or movement in response to an environmental stimulus
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Author
theshackfam
ID
32433
Card Set
Micro Vocab Chap 4
Description
Chapter 4 Vocab
Updated
2010-09-02T18:13:09Z
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