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Iontophoresis - parameters - 5
- Continuous monophonic DIRECT current @ 4-5 mA
- Cathode must be 2X size of anode - to DEC burn
- Frequently check skin - every 3-5 min
- Current density = amplitude (mA) / electrode size
- Pain —> DEC density + WHAT ELSEjQuery112409007047122014771_1628020164910?
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Iontophoresis - Contraindications - 4
- Impaired skin sensation
- Allergy or sensitivity to therapeutic agent or direct current
- Recent scars, cuts, bruises, or broken skin
- Metal in or near treatment area
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pH of skin - normal; acidic vs alkaline & each under which electrode?
- Normal - 3-4
- Acidic <3 - under anode
- Alkaline >4 - under cathode
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ES - Iontophoresis - (-) ions - everything else is (+)
- A - acetate
- I - iodine
- D - dexamethosone
- S - salicylate
- + CALCIUM CHLORIDE
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Salicylate is for? - 1
Pain relief
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Acetate is for? - 1
Calcium deposits
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Dexamethasone is for?
Anti-inflammation
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Copper is for?
Fungal infections
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Zinc is for?
- Dermal ulcers/wounds
- Promotes healing
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Magnesium or calcium is for? - 1
MM spasm
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Hydrocortisone is for?
Anti-inflammation
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Lidocaine is for?
Pain relief
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EMG - re-innervation - what will be seen on EMG - 4
- Polyphasic MU
- Low amplitude
- Short duration
- No spontaneous activity (neurapraxia)
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EMG - denervation - what will be seen on EMG - 3
- (+) sharp waves
- Spontaneous fibrillation potentials (atrophy - not healing)
- INC insertional activity
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EMG - UMNL - Normal findings - 2
- MU potentials
- Insertional activity
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EMG - UMNL - Absent - 3
- Fibrillations
- (+) sharp waves at rest
- Fasciculation potentials
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EMG - LMNL - Normal findings - 4
- (+) sharp waves at rest
- Fasciculation potentials
- Complete - only fibrillations
- Partial - fibrillations + fasciculations
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