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What are the five functions of the skeletal system?
- Supports the body as an internal framework
- Protects vital organs
- Used as a system of levers with which the skeletal muscles work to move the body
- Bones store lipids and minerals
- Provides a site for hematopoiesis(blood cell formation)
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How many bones are in the adult skeleton?
206
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What color is used to represent the location of hyaline cartilage?
Light Blue
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What color is used to represent the location of fibrous cartilage?
- Red
- Areas: Pubis Synthesis, Knee Meniscus
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What color is used to represent the location of elastic cartilage?
Green
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What is the difference between a compact bone and a spongy bone?
Compact bone look smooth and homogeneous; spongy bone(or calcellous) is composed of small trabeculae(bars) of bone and lots of open space.
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Where is a compact bone and a spongy bone found in the skeletal system?
- Spongy bone is mainly found on the epiphysis of the long bones
- Compact bone is mainly found in the diaphysis of the long bone.
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Describe short bones.
Roughly cube like, they contain more spongy bone than compact.
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Describe long bones.
Much longer than they are wide, generally consist of a shaft with heads at either end.
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Describe irregular bones.
Bones that do not classify as any of the other clasifications.
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Describe sesamoid bones.
A special type of short bone that form in a tendon.
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Describe flat bone.
Generally thin, with two wafer-like layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer spongy bone between them.
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Name a sesamoid bone.
Patella(knee cap)
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Name a flat bone.
- Sternum
- Scapulae
- Most of the bones of the skull
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Describe Wormian or sutural bones.
Tiny bones between cranial bones.
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Describe the bone marking tuberosity
- Large, round projection; may be roughened
- Sites of muscle and ligament attachment
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Describe the bone marking crest
- Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent
- Sites of muscle and ligament attachment
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Describe the bone marking trochanter
- Very large, blunt, irregular shaped process
- Sites of muscle and ligament attachment
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Describe the bone marking epicondyle
- Raised area on or above a condyle.
- Sites of muscle and ligament attachment
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Describe the bone marking spine
- Sharp, slender, often pointed projection
- Sites of muscle and ligament attachment
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Describe the bone marking head
- Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
- Helps to form joints
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Describe the bone marking condyle
- Rounded articular projection
- Helps to form joints
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Describe the bone marking ramus
- Arm-like bar of bone
- Helps to form joints
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Describe the bone marking groove
- Furrow
- For passage of of blood vessels and nerves
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Describe the bone marking foramen
- Round or oval opening through a bone.
- For passage of of blood vessels and nerves
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Describe the bone marking meatus
- Canal-like passageway
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Describe the bone marking fossa
- Shallow basin-like depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface
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Describe the bone marking tubercle
- Small rounded projection or process
- Site for muscle and ligament attachment
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Describe the bone marking fissure
- Narrow, slit-like opening
- For passage of of blood vessels and nerves
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Medullary Cavity
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Endosteum
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Perforating(Sharpey's)Fibers
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Epiphysis
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Epiphyseal line
Epiphyseal Plate is during bone growth. Once growth is complete, it becomes the epiphyseal line.
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Periosteum
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Yellow marrow
Can become red.
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Trabeculae
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Identify the part of the long bone below
Diaphysis
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Identify the marked area
Circumferential Lamellae
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Identify the marked area
Central (Haversian) Canal
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Identify the marked area
Osteon(Havesian)Canal
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Identify the marked area
Lumellae
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Identify the marked area
Perforating(Volkmann's)Canals
These canals run into the compact bone and marrow cavity from the periosteum, at right angles to the shaft
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How many single bones are there in an adult vertebral column?
24
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