Employment Discrimination

What are the 2 defenses to defamation, other than qualified privilege?

Even if the employer wins with such a defense, it still must pay the...., which is why most employers try to avoid litigation.

4 smart practices for dealing with departing employees. 

1. Before providing references, ask the employee to sign an....
2. Negotiate with an employee who is leaving on an agreed letter of....
3. Make certain that only authorized employees give....
4. Make sure references are based on....

An employer giving a reference may give incomplete info or misrepresent the work of a former employee. If this happens, and then the employee harms others, the employer could be liable for....

If an employer chooses to give a reference, it must not be....

2 requirements of the Immigration Reform and Control Act.

En employer must check eligibility of.... hires, not just people from other countries.

The discrimination requirement of the Immigration Reform and Control Act applies only to.... citizens and.... immigrants.

For all newly hired workers, within.... days, the employer must verify employment eligibility by completing federal...., which requires certain documents as proof of....

Which 5 types of documents does the I-9 require?

A limitation or denial of employment opportunity based on protected class characteristics of a person (adverse employment actions)

Liability for employment discrimination arises not from prejudice alone, but from its effects on....

6 practical tips to avoid discrimination and harassment claims.

6 anti-discrimination statutes.

What are the 7 protected classes?

Some protected classes are recognized under... law,but not.... law.

3 amendments to Title VII.

The Equal Opportunity Employment act expanded coverage to include.... employees and it established the....

The Pregnancy Discrimination Act specifically provides protection for.... workers.

What 2 things did the Civil Rights act of '91 add to Title VII?

Caps on compensatory/punitive damages for 

1. 15-100 employees?
2. 101-200 employees?
3. 201-500 employees?
4. Over 500 employees?

An employer cannot discriminate on the basis of what 5 things under Title VII?

An employer cannot retaliate based upon an employee’s.... in protected activity or.... to discriminatory practices.

Discrimination can be involved in.... (9 things)

3 groups that must comply with Title VII.

1. Employers engaged in interstate commerce if they have.... or more employees for each working day in each of.... or more calendar weeks in the currentor preceding calendar year
2. Labor organizations of any kind that exist to deal with employers concerning labor issues, engaged in an industry affecting...
3. .... that, with or w/o compensation, procure employees for employers or opportunities to work for employees

Who is covered under Title VII?

1. .... and.... employees.
2. U.S. citizens employed outside the U.S. working for.... employers and non-U.S. citizens working....

Who is not covered under Title VII?

1. Employees of employers having less than.... employees
2. Employees whose employers are not engaged in....
3. Employees of.... institutions

Time limits for bring a claim w/in the EEOC include within.... days of the event for filing with EEOC, and within.... days of event for filing with state or local agency.

In an EEOC claims case, after mediation when no agreement is reached, the agency makes determination of cause or no cause. If no cause,...., if cause,....

After receiving right-to-sue letter in EEOC case, the individual has.... days to file a lawsuit.

Courts must give EEOC cases "de novo review" which means a....

For EEOC cases, many employers are now using mandatory.... agreements which are not subject to....

Jury trials are permitted at the request of either party when.... are sought.

4 theories used for Title VII and other discrimination lawsuits?

-The Title VII theory that involves intentional, unequal treatment.
-Treating similarly situated employees differently because of prohibited factor

-The Title VII theory that involves a facially neutral policy that has discriminatory impact.
-Result of workplace policy that appears neutral, but have an adverse impact on a protected group.

The Title VII theory that involves taking adverse employment action based on an employee’s exercise of his/her legal rights.

The Title VII theory that applies to religion and disability.

The defense for Disparate.... is Bona fide occupational qualification (intentional discriminationis reasonably necessary to employer’s business) and the defense for Disparate.... is business necessity.

4 parts of the Plaintiff's burden of proof in a disparate treatment (prima facie) case.

7 types of disparate treatment cases.

2 parts of the Plaintiff's burden of proof in a disparate impact (prima facie) case.

In a disparate impact claim, the employer's burden of proof includesproving that the employment policy is “.... and consistent w/...."

In age discrimination cases, the employer must show some “reasonable factor other than...."

3 parts of the burden of proof in a retaliation case.

Remedies under Title VII (9 of them)

2 defenses under Title VII.

States that "it is not unlawful for an employer to hire employees on the basis of religion, sex, or national origin in instances where these factors are a bona fide occupational qualification reasonable necessary to the normal operation of a particular enterprise.

Affirmative action is required of (1) companies that have contracts to sell goods or services to the.... (many states also have affirmative actionrequirements for contractors) and of (2) an employer when a discrimination suit results in a.... or.... that includes affirmative action as a remedy