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What are the criteria for a fuel oil service tank prior to placing on suction?
Sat PTS sample
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What is the minimum flashpoint for F-76? JP-5?
40 degrees F
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Define flashpoint?
The lowest temperature at which fuel ignites
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How many fuel oil service pumps are onboard, where are they located and how many are required to be online with both engines online in a MMR?
- 2 in MMR 1
- 2 in MMR 2
- Only one is required to be online in each main space at a time to run both engines.
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In each main space, what is the total capacity of the Leak down collecting tank.
264 Gallons
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For the SSDG Fuel Oil System, what is the normal operating pressure and what is the low pressure alarm set point?
- Normal - 60-90 PSI
- Low - 20 PSI.
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What are the rated capacity of the Fuel Oil transfer pumps?
Fuel oil transfer pumps - 230 gpm
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Fuel Service Tanks in port?
- Service tanks 80% max,
- Storage tanks 95%
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Fuel Service Tanks underway?
- Service tanks 95%
- Storage 95%
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When are Fuel samples taken?
- Sample prior to receiving,
- middle,
- end
- and every 15 minutes during the evolution.
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What to do once the source of contamination is found?
- continue purification until BS&W results indicate a water contamination of less than 0.1%.
- Operation between 0.1% and 0.4% BS&W is allowed but not recommended.
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What happens if a sample does not pass Clear and Bright
perform Transparency Test, Visual Sediment Test, then BS&W.
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What is a SAT BS&W?
- Sediment is less than 0.1%
- Combined BS&W is less than 0.2%
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What happens if UNSAT?
- COs permission to continue operation or purify
- change the oil and correct the cause prior to re-use.
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What happens if you attain a warning condition?
- You may operate the equipment continuously for 7 days.
- Once you stop the equipment you have to change out the sump.
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How do you do a Visual Sediment test?
- Let the sample stand for 10 minutes upright and then slowly set it down on its side for another 10 minutes.
- If the sediment forms an unbroken line greater than 1/8 of an inch or a single piece of sediment is greater than 1/8 of an inch it fails the test.
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How do you do a Transparency test?
- Hold up a MRC behind the sample in a well lit area and try to read the words on a card.
- If you cannot read the card it fails the test.
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What items get logged during a fuel transfer?
- Start/stop times
- Transferring locations (from XXX tank to XXX tank),
- Sample results
- Sump/tank levels at start/finish.
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How to conduct a F/O BS&W?
- 2x 100mL of fuel sample (60 deg F)
- Spin at 1500 rpm (plus 1 min).
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When do we test before and during an UNREP?
- Before: We will be given test results from the USNS ship (i.e. DOD source) with BS&W results, Flashpoint test results and API Gravity test results. If it is a non-DOD source we have to do these tests ourselves prior to taking on fuel.
- During: C&B start, mid, end points and every 15 min during. The Oil King on station will do C&B every 15 min and the EOOW will evaluate the start/mid/end points. We test every 15 min so in case fuel delivery tanks are changed by the UNREP ship.
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What are pre-UNREP preparations the EOOW needs to support?
- Steering checks
- Fuel transfer from storage to service (topping off)
- Oil King needs to verify alignment prior to MPA and CHENG verifying alignment (separately)
- Comms checks on RAS stations, aft steering, Eng. spaces and with the bridge
- Set Maximum Reliability (when ordered)
- Set RMD (when ordered)
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What is VISCOSITY?
fluids resistance to flow.
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What is the criteria for F/O samples?
- Clear: absence of particles
- Bright: absence of water
- PPS: 8 hours
- Standby: 24 hours
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How to conduct a WIP test?
- WIP: Water Indicating Paste
- Use WIP at the bottom of the sounding tape
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When are WIP test required?
- Prior to transfer from storage tank
- Weekly in-port
- After receiving fuel
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What pump is used to strip a fuel oil tank?
Fuel Oil Transfer Pump
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Where is the sample drawn during stripping?
Discharge side
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How to strip a tank?
- 150-300 gallons
- BSW
- Repeat until SAT BSW
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What are the types of fuel?
- F76
- JP5
- F75
- MDF/MGO
- Flashpoint: 140 F
- Pourpoint: - 21 F
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What is DEMULSIFICATION?
Ability to adequately separate from water
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What is CLOUDPOINT?
Pourpoint of + 10 F
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What is a POURPOINT?
freezing temperature of oil
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What is API/Specific Gravity (American Petroleum Institute)
- gravity ratio to water at 60 F
- weekly U/W
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What are the types of fuel sampling?
- Line sample
- Sounding sample
- Bottom sample
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What is a Line sample?
Obtained from a designated location within the fuel system while the fuel is flowing. Ex F/O Purifier sample
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What is a Sounding sample?
Obtained by using a sounding tape and WIP to determine the water level
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What is a Bottom sample?
Taken on the bottom surface of the tank at lowest point. Ex Thief sample
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What are the reasons for fuel testing?
- To establish the level of CONTAMINATION
- To ensure that the fuel can be stored SAFELY
- To establish the density of the fuel for WEIGHT distribution and heating value
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What are the required test and criteria for propulsion fuels?
- Clear and Bright
- No particles, no water
- BS&W
- 0.1% Shipboard or Navy supplier (combined water and sediment)
- 0.05% Non-DOD/NATO Source
- Free Water Detector (FWD)
- 40 PPM F-76
- 10 PPM JP-5
- Contaminated Fuel Detector (CFD)
- 2.64 mg/l F-76
- 2.0 mg/l JP-5
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What are the three basic evolutions to conduct testing?
- Receipt of fuel
- Filling connection - beginning, middle, end of receiving, and every 15 minutes
- Check for free water using C&B procedure
- Prior and during transfer
- Purifier Discharge - 5 min after transfer start & every 30 min after
- Prior and during use
- Service Tanks
- PPS (Prior to Placing on Suction) 8 Hours Diesel C&B (BS&W if not C&B)
- Filter/Separator Discharge - 5 minutes after a svc tank placed on suction 5 minutes after suction shifted to standby service tank
- Weekly Storage Tank Samples
- Stripping Discharge - WIP (non-compensated tanks only) API/Specific Gravity
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What are the Fuel oil characteristics?
- Flash Point minimum 140F
- Auto-ignition Temperature - 450F
- Pour Point
- Temp at which fuel will no longer flow
- 30 F F-76
- 21 F - JP-5
- API/Specific Gravity
- Weight of given volume of fuel vs. weight of an equal volume of water at 60°F
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When do we take samples?
- Daily while operating
- prior to transfer
- weekly from storage tanks
- every 4 hours while purifying
- After starting systems (30 minutes)
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Where can F/O Purifiers Pumps and Transfer Pumps take suction from?
- Any service tanks
- Storage tanks
- Overflow tanks
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Where can F/O Purifiers Pumps and Transfer Pumps discharge to?
- Any service tanks
- Storage tanks
- But not Overflow tanks
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MPDE: What is the F/O discharge pressure?
40-75 psi
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MPDE: What is the F/O discharge pressure alarm?
30 psi
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MPDE: F/O standby pump will start at what pressure?
40 psi
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MPDE: What is the F/O manifold pressure?
35-50 psi
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MPDE: What is the FO manifold alarm?
30 psi
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MPDE: What is the high F/O filter DP alarm?
18 psi
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