Physch Final

  1. Proximity
    We perceive similar objects as groups or sets
  2. We fill in the gaps for missing parts
    Closure
  3. We see the simplest shapes possible
    Simplicity
  4. We see similar objects as groups
    Similarity
  5. We see continuous patterns
    Continuity
  6. The ability to discriminate between a figure and it's background
    Figure-Ground perception
  7. Filling in gaps and what her senses tells us
    • Perceptual inference
    • This is like assuming
  8. Ability to know to stimuli that affect only the unconscious mind
    Subliminal perception
  9. Objects appear farther away from another object and are higher on your plane of view
    Relative height
  10. Overlapping images
    Interposition
  11. The farther removed and object is the less detail we can identify
    Texture-Density Gradient
  12. A parent movement of objects that occurs when you move your head from side to side or when you walk around
    Motion parallax
  13. Parallel lines converge when stretched into the distance
    Linear perspective
  14. When objects move in the opposite direction to your movement
    Relative motion
  15. Eyes turning inward to look at nearby objects
    Convergence
  16. Making one image with both eyes
    Retinal disparity
  17. Perceiving items the same way regardless of change and angle distance or lighting(shape brightness color)
    Constancy
  18. Perception that misrepresents physical stimuli
    Illusions
  19. Ability to gain information through channels other than the normal senses
    • Extrasensory perception
    • Clairvoyance-performing objects or information with no sensory input
    • Telepathy-reading ones mind or transferring thoughts
    • Psychokinesis-moving objects with one's mind
    • Precognition-fortell events
  20. A relatively permanent change in behavior that results from experience
    Learning
  21. Gradual classically conditioned response
    Acquisition
  22. Responding similarly to a range of similar stimuli
    Generalization
  23. Responding different to similar but distinct stimuli
    Discrimination
  24. Gradual disappearance of a conditioned response
    Extinction
  25. Reappearing of a conditioned response after a delay
    Spontaneous recovery
  26. Pairing a new taste with a bad experience
    Taste aversion
  27. A child who says "Daddy" to only his father is an example of
    Discrimination
  28. Objects to satisfy a reduced basic needs are called
    Primary reinforcers
  29. Molding or sculpting new responses out of old one
    Shaping
  30. Learned reactions that follow one another in sequence
    Response chain
  31. Praising a child for gradually improving attempts to tie a shoe is an example of
    Shaping a behavior
  32. Influencing behavior by means of unpleasant stimuli
    Aversive control
  33. Removing a painful or unpleasant stimulus which increases behavior
    Negative reinforcement
  34. Removing or terminating an unpleasant stimulus
    Escape conditioning
  35. A way to prevent the occurrence of an unpleasant stimulus
    Avoidance conditioning
  36. Observing and imitating the behavior of others
    Social learning
  37. Using mental processes from observation or imitation
    Cognitive learning
  38. Mental pictures of a place(maze)
    Cognitive map
  39. A change in behavior that does not occur immediately but gradually
    Latent learning
  40. When you failed repeatedly as you attempt to control a situation
    Learned helplessness
  41. Imitating or copying
    Modeling
  42. Learning based on imitation
    Observational learning
  43. Engaging in threatening activity without being punished which makes it easier to engage in
    Dishibition
  44. Systematic application of learning principles to change peoples actions and feelings
    Behavior modification
  45. A student who complains of a stomachache to get a pass to the nurse to miss a quiz is using
    Escape conditioning
  46. This focuses on how information is obtained processed and organized
    Cognitive learning
  47. Learning that occurs in the absence of a reinforcer and often is not demonstrated until a reinforcer appears
    Latent learning
  48. The type of modeling in which someone learns that her behavior is not as threatening as he thought by watching others engage in the behavior
    Dishibition
  49. A type of conditioning system often used in group situations with problem children
    Token economy
  50. What code is not used to encode memory
    Sensory codes
  51. Memory that holds auditory memory for one or two seconds
    Echoic
  52. We choose to give importance to the stimuli that
    Satisfy our basic needs
  53. short-term memory lasts roughly
    18-20 seconds 
  54. What is associated with short term memory
    Chunking
  55. Memory about a specific event
    Episodic
  56. What is associated with long term memory
    Elaborative rehearsal
  57. The part of the brain most associated with long term memory
    Hippocampus
  58. The part of the brain most associated with state dependent memory
    Amygdala
  59. Active reconstruction of information
    Recall
  60. Blocking an embarrassing or frightening experience from your memory is called
    Repression
  61. Fading away of a memory over time
    Decay
  62. Likelihood of remembering the first item on the list
    Primacy effect
  63. Old memories block the formation of new memories
    Proactive interference
  64. Repetition of information to keep it in short term memory
    Maintenance rehearsal
  65. Very powerful and detailed type of episodic memory
    Flashbulb memory
  66. New memories blocked the recall of old memories
    retroactive interference
  67. Likelihood of remembering the last items in a list
    Recency effect
  68. Linking new information to material already known
    Elaborative rehearsal
  69. A tool or technique used to help memorize the retrieve information
    Mnemonic device
  70. Knowledge of language including rules words and meanings
    Semantic memory
  71. Memory loss from head injury or brain damage
    Amnesia
  72. Filling in memory gaps
    Confabulation
  73. Conceptual frameworks that make sense of the world
    Schemas
  74. Alteration of recalled memory that may be simplified enriched or distorted depending on experiences attitudes or inferences
    Reconstructive process
  75. Memory retrieval where a person identifies an object idea or situation one has not experienced
    Recognition
  76. Recalling information easily when you are in the same physiologically or emotionally state where you started
    State-dependent learning
  77. Knowledge that can be called forth constantly
    Generic(Declarative) memory
  78. Permanent storage of learned skills(skill)
    Procedural memory
  79. Storage of information over an extended period of time
    Long-term memory
  80. Memory limited incapacity to above 7 items
    Short-term memory
  81. System of repeating information(reading out loud)
    Maintenance rehearsal
  82. Grouping items to make them easier to remember
    Chunking
  83. Transforming information so the nervous system can process it
    Encoding
  84. Process by which information is maintained
    Storage
  85. Process of obtaining information that has been stored in memory
    Retrieval
  86. The storage and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced
    Memory
  87. Internal stayed that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal
    Motivation
  88. Biological and social motives for human behavior
    • Sleep hunger sex
    • Approval fear of success fear of failure
  89. Produces hunger signals
    Lateral hypothalamus
  90. Causes one to stop eating
    Ventromedial hypothalamus
  91. Biological and social factors that play in hunger and obesity
    Social cues not physiological cues
  92. Complex reaction to stimuli involving subjective feelings physiological arousal and observable behavior
    Emotion
  93. Ability to perceive imagine understand emotions and to use that information in decision making
    Emotional intelligence
  94. Theory-interpretation of physiological change
    James-Lange
  95. Theory-hypothalamus activated by signaling parts of brain
    Cannon-Bard
  96. Theory-environment plays a role in emotion
    Cognitive theory
  97. Theory-physiological arousal and environment cues interpret emotion
    Schachter-Singer
  98. Thelry-when stimulus is removed you feel opposite emotion
    Opponent process
  99. Which psychologists first proposed that humans have innate instincts
    William James
  100. Theory labels rather than explains behavior
    Instinct theory
  101. Save the biological needs Drive in organism to act a certain way
    Drive-reduction theory
  102. Three parts of every emotion
    Physiological behavioral cognitive
  103. The innate tendency that determines behavior
    Instinct
  104. A biological or psychological requirement of an organism
    Need
  105. The state of tension produced by I need that motivates an organism toward a goal
    Drive
  106. A big generalized apprehension or feeling that one is in danger
    Anxiety
  107. Intense fear
    Phobia
  108. Extreme anxiety
    Panic disorder
  109. Repeated uncontrollable patterns of thoughts
    OCD
  110. Flashbacks of traumatic events
    PTSD
  111. A disorder with no apparent cause
    Somatoform disorder
  112. Changing emotional difficulty into a loss of specific body function
    Conversion disorder
  113. Alterations in memory identity or consciousness
    Dissociative disorder
  114. Inability to recall personal events or information
    Dissociative Amnesia
  115. Travels and is unable to recall the where they are
    Dissociative fugue
  116. Two or more personalities each has own way of thinking and behaving
    Dissociative identity disorder
  117. Severe lowered mood with no interest and suicide thoughts with extreme depression
    Major depressive disorder
  118. Euphoria and depression with manic and depressive phase
    Bipolar disorder
  119. Depression in the winter and lifted spirits in the spring
    Seasonal affective disorder
  120. Group of disorders categorized by confused and disconnected thoughts emotions and perceptions
    Schizophrenia
  121. Hallucinations
    Delusions
    Grandeur and Persecution
    Paranoid schizophrenia
  122. False beliefs
    Delusions
  123. Perceptions with no direct external cause
    Hallucinations
  124. Motionless
    Waxy flexibility
    Catatonic schizophrenia
  125. Incoherent language
    Inappropriate emotions
    Giggling for no reason
    Disorganized motor behavior
    Disorganized schizophrenia
  126. Symptoms are completely gone or still exist but not severe enough to be diagnosed as it
    Remission schizophrenia
  127. How does dopamine affect schizophrenia
    The excess of dopamine causes extreme happiness and schizophrenia
  128. Maladaptive or inflexible ways of dealing with environment
    Personality disorders
  129. Seeks attention
    Histrionic
  130. Obsessed with oneself
    Narcissistic
  131. Characterized by continuous fear of unknown or unseen circumstances
    Anxiety disorders
Author
gigi902101
ID
323789
Card Set
Physch Final
Description
Psychology
Updated